Research On Architecture And Spatial Morphology Of Mongolian Prince's Mansions In Beijing In Qing Dynasty

Beijing is a time-honoured cultural ancient capital with many cultural relics and monuments,and the architectural cultural heritage has become an important part of Beijing's cultural development.In the courtyard of Beijing's Old City,mansions buildings of princes in Qing Dynasty is kind of building which is a middle level between the royal palace and the civilian courtyard.The specific building regulation and building group model have formed an excellent mansion architectural culture,which is also an spiritual wealth to influence and determine the development of mansions building.Taking the whole map of Qianlong capital and related historical map and relevant historical literature as the basis,and from the point of view of the type of prices' mansions,this paper takes the Mongolian Mansions as the research object,makes an in-depth analysis of the Mongolian Mansions complex in Qing Dynasty in Beijing,comprehensively and systematically combs the history of the Mongolian Mansions in the Qing Dynasty in Beijing,analyses the internal mechanism of Mongolian Mansions formation,studies on the characteristics of architectural spatial form,and investigates the status quo of its preservation in depth.Combining with the research methods of literature review and field investigation,this paper pursues the connotation of Mongolian Mansions' architectural culture and perfects the research system of mansions buildings of princes.The second chapter studies the formation mechanism and development and evolution of Mongolian Mansions.At first,it studies the status and importance of the Mongolian department in the Manchu period,and probes into the governing body and the Manchu and Mongolian Communities,the marriage policy of the Manchu government in the management of the Mongolian clan which aims at strengthening the alliance.Secondly,the formation reason of Mongolian Mansions are studied so that the rationality of the existence of Mongolian Mansions in Beijing inner city can be explained.Thirdly,analysis of the development of the construction regulation of princes' mansions in Qing Dynasty are made to judge whether the Mongolian Mansions conforms to the relevant regulations.The third chapter combs the historical evolution and distribution characteristics of the Mongolian Mansions.This paper probes into the historical evolution of the Mongolian Mansions from multiple angles,analyzes the distribution characteristics and changes of the Mongolian Mansions in the inner city of Beijing,and deeply investigates the change of the number of Mongolian Mansions and the evolution of its function,and summarizes the influencing factors of the building group and the building monomer of the Mongolian Mansions.The fourth chapter studies the architectural characteristics of the Mongolian Mansions.First,the overall layout of the Mongolian Mansions is studied.Secondly,it studies the form of monolithic building,mainly through the analysis of the most representative five main buildings of the Mongolian Mansions,that is,the main door,main hall,back hall,bedroom palace and the back enclosures.The fifth chapter,using two ways to study the spatial form of Mongolian Mansions: 1.Based on the traditional analysis of architectural language,this paper probes into the perceptual characteristics of the spatial form of Mongolian Mansions.2.Based on the quantitative analysis of spatial syntax,through the analysis of the data of the Mongolian Mansions plane,this paper studies the rational characteristics of its spatial form,and makes a judgment on whether the rational analysis and perceptual analysis confirm each other.Through systematic analysis,summing up the architectural and spatial morphological characteristics of the Mongolian mansions,developing architectural value of the princes' mansions and establishing the historical and cultural database and basic research system of the Mongolian Mansions are of great significance,which are better for protecting the traditional style of Beijing Old City and realizing the protection of the whole self-forming system of the Mongolian Mansions in the Qing Dynasty in Beijing.