Research On The Spatial Morphology Of Guangdong Traditional Academies In Qing Dynasty

Academy is a cultural education organization of Chinese ancient scholars,and an important educational institution in Chinese traditional society.It differs from the official school and the private school with its folk,social-running characteristics.Academy appeared in Tang Dynasty,developed through Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,had lasted for nearly a thousand years and spread over the country.It had a far-reaching influence with disseminating knowledge,nurturing talents,developing academics and promoting social development,and has a very important historical status in the history of education,academics and culture in China.Academies in Guangdong first appeared in Southern Song Dynasty,and by Qing Dynasty,Guangdong had become the province with largest amount of academies in China.The paper,based on literature study and field research,expounds the historical background of Guangdong academies in Qing Dynasty,analyses its spatial morphology through three aspects—the location and environment,the spatial layout,the monomer buildings,and summurises the spatial morphology characteristics.The second chapter of the paper is about the historical background of Guangdong academies in Qing Dynasty,from the definition,characteristics,history of academy itself,to the development and distribution of Guangdong academies in Qing Dynasty.The third chapter is about the location and environment of Guangdong academies in Qing Dynasty.Guangdong academies had a long-term preference to locate in wooded mountain and had formed several environment patterns,but they also had a practical need to locate towards towns with compromise between their wooded-mountain preference.The fourth chapter is about the spatial layout of Guangdong academies in Qing Dynasty,including the functions,characteristics,forms,sequences and cultural implications of the academy spatial layout.The fifth chapter is about the monomer buildings of Guangdong academies in Qing Dynasty,including the lecture building,the commemoration building,the library building and the dormitory building.