Research On Space Morphology Of The Gardens Of Prince's Mansion In Beijing In Qing Dynasty

The garden of prince's mansion of Qing Dynasty in Beijing is an important carrier and manifestation that combine the imperial culture and the folk culture.It is the embodiment of the historical and cultural characteristics of Beijing,but also it can show the unique charm of Chinese traditional garden.Due to the particularity of the garden owners' status,its type between imperial garden and private garden,and this type of garden is unique and full of important historical value.However,at present,there are few literatures about the research of the mansion gardens in the home and abroad,and lack of systematic research.Based on this,this thesis adopts historical maps and literatures as the basis,through collecting and sorting the materials of the mansion garden of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing,combined with autoptical research and statistical analysis of the data,focus of the mansion garden space morphology research analysis,namely,on the basis of studying the space form of the mansion gardens,it deeply digs out the profound connotation of the artistic conception,trying to find the morphological characteristics of the mansion garden space.In order to provide theoretical information for the research,protection and utilization of the mansion garden.Thirty-six mansion gardens of which basic information can be found are studied in this thesis.At first,the historical background of these gardens are researched,include analyzing the political system,cultural environment and others factors.Summarize the roles that these factors play on the formation of the mansion gardens.Then,space morphology of gardens is comprehensively and systematically researched according to two aspects,the objective space form of mansion gardens,and the subjective artistic conception of mansion gardens.Space form of mansion garden is researched in four parts.First,search for the locational characteristics of the gardens by anaylzing the number,location and scale of gardens.Second,the relative position between mansion building and garden is classified into four types,summarize the distribution patterns of mansion building and garden.Third,analyze the global space form and every single landscape element's space form to explore the types and characteristics of the space morphology in mansion garden.Four,the functional layout in Prince Gong's Mansion garden and Prince Chun's Mansion garden is researched as example,four types of human activities in the mansion gardens are summed up.After drawing tables and analysis chart in researching the objective space form of mansion gardens,the paper explores the characteristics of the space morphology,and the common and differernce between space morphologies in different mansion gardens.At the same time,the mansion garden artistic conception is studied from two aspects.On the one hand,starting from the garden name reflecting theme conception of gardens,after arrangement,five common theme artistic conceptions are summed up.Subsequently,taking Langrun garden as example,the relationship between theme garden conception and space layout is described in detail.On the other hand,sorting out the gardens' titles of landscape,inscribed board and building name,analyzing the way in creating the local artistic conception,four local artistic conceptions of garden type are summarized accordingly.So that,it not only deepens the understanding of the mansion garden space morphology,but also explores the profound historical and cultural value of the garden.Finally,through site investigation records of mansion garden about preservation state,usage situation and protection level,five kinds of problems are found in the process of protection.And then,some corresponding suggestions are put forward,hoping for providing some useful information about mansion garden research and protection in the future.