A Study On The Spatial Morphology And Architecture Of The Mansion Of Junwang In Qing Dynasty In Beijing

Mansion of prince, as an architecture type between palace and residential architecture, is a channel for folk to understand the court. Enfeoffment system in the Qing dynasty, which means one is knighted without land, makes a large number of mansions converge on Beijing. In addition, stable politics and prosperous economy also make the mansions of the Qing dynasty in Beijing become the existing maximum and the most valuable mansion building groups. The mansion of Junwang has strict levels and regulations, no matter in vassalage and mansion or inheriting mansion. Comparing with mansion of prince, it is more close to traditional courtyard. Comparing with mansion of baylor, however, its regulations are more strict. This makes it has higher research value and is special in mansion buildings. This paper tries to sort out the complete historical documents and building condition of mansion of Junwang and analyzes its features of regulations. Furthermore, it summarizes the characteristics of the spatial morphology and layout of the mansion to establish the foundation for perfecting the research work of the mansion building system. Taking twenty mansions of Junwang in the Qing dynasty as object, its historical background is studied through the origin and enfeoffment system of mansion, vassalage and enfeoffing in the mansion of Junwang, the evolution and regulations of the mansion. In addition, study will be carried on the spatial morphology relationships between the city and mansion, mansion and court, separately from the urban and courtyard space, to explore its distribution characteristics and siting factors and to summarize the layout characteristics. In the end, this paper summarizes the characteristic of single building in mansion of Junwang, through investigating the differences among the regulations of the main door, main hall, apse, resting hall and back palace. It is very important to study on the differences of building regulation and spatial layout of the mansion of Junwang from other mansion, for deepening the understanding, exploring the various value and filling the research gap of the palace system.