Employment Quality Gap Between Migrant Workers And Urban Workers And Its Change Trendency

With the development of urbanization,the rural surplus labor force is gradually transferred to the city.The employment quality of the migrant workers directly influences the urban settlement ability and the sense of the urban social life.However,the employment quality of the migrant workers still has a certain gap compared with the urban workers.In order to improve the employment environment of the migrant workers and to guarantee the legal rights and interests of the migrant workers,employment,the government has introduced a series of employment policies for the migrant workers so that the goal of improving the employment quality of the migrant workers and promoting the integration of the cities can be achieved.Under this condition,how to change the employment quality of the migrant workers;what is the cause of the gap between the employment quality of the urban workers and the urban workers;is the gap shrinking?These questions need to be further answered.First of all,through the descriptive statistics of migrant workers and urban workers to compare the quality of employment,the results show that in three years,almost all employment quality indicators In accordance with the survey data of the China Household Income Project(CHIP)in 2002,2007 and 2013,this paper analyzes the employment quality status of migrant workers from four dimensions,including the labor compensation,labor relations,social insurance and employment stability.And the four dimensions are reflected from the fields as whether or not to sign a labor contract,whether to participate in the medical insurance of urban workers and whether to sign a long-term contract.of migrant workers are lower than that of urban workers,but the gap between their employment quality indicators shows a gradual descending trend.Secondly,using the method of Oaxaca-Blinder(1973)decomposition and Fairlie(2005)decomposition,the difference between the employment quality indexes of migrant workers and urban workers in three years is analyzed,and the study found that the main reason why the employment quality index of migrant workers is lower than that of urban workers is that there is a clear gap between their educational level and work experience,and the influence of labor market discrimination is less than that of the human capital gap.Finally,the Smith-Welch decomposition method is used to break down the change of the employment quality gap between migrant workers and urban workers,and the research finds that the increase of the hxuman capital of migrant workers is the main reason for the decline of the employment quality gap between migrant workers and urban workers from 2002 to 2007.However from 2007 to 2013,the main cause is that the state issued a series of policies to improve the employment environment of migrant workers and further to narrow the gap between the quality of employment between migrant workers and urban workers.The conclusion of this research shows that with the implementation of a series of new policies for migrant workers,the obstacles to the improvement of the employment quality of migrant workers caused by the factor of labor market system have gradually been eliminated.Increasing the level of human capital of migrant workers is the key to further improving the employment quality of them.Therefore,in addition to continuing to implement various migrant worker policies and improving the employment environment for migrant workers,the government should also make much efforts such as to continue to increase vocational training for migrant worker groups and investment in.educatlion in rural areas,to encourage employers to provide migrant workers with subsidies and so forth.By carrying out on-the-job training to improve the human capital level of migrant workers through various channels,the government can thereby further improve the quality of employment and achieve steady integration of cities.