Study On The Flora And Species Diversity Of Plants In The West Kunlun Mountain In Xinjiang

The West Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang was located in the border area of Xinjiang and Tibet,and the Pamir adjacent northwest,the Karakorum adjacent southwest,the Middle kunlun mountains locked in the east and south into the northern Tibet plateau.The whole mountain east-west length is of more than 900 kilometers,north-south width is of 130-200 kilometers,and the altitude range is 1500-5000 meters.In this paper,a systematic and comprehensive morphological taxonomic study was performed on the vascular plants in this area to analyze the composition of the flora and species diversity in order to provide basic botany research and ecological environment for the area.New data and scientific evidence are provided for construction,rational use of resources,and protection.research shows:There are 58 families,270 genera,822 species,7 subspecies,31 varieties and 5 varieties of vascular plants in the West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang,of which there are 2 genera,7 species,and 1 variety,an increase of 6 genera,115 species and 1 subspecies of 5 varieties than the original records.Xinjiang New Record 5 species.Plants in this area accounted for 45.08% of the total number of plants in Xinjiang,36.39% of the total number of genera,23.44% of the total number of species,From the genus level of family,the families which including middle family containing 6-15 genus and many family containing more than 15 genus,total 15 families 194 genus and accounted for 71.85%,constitute the main body of the level structure of the genus level of family;from the species level of family,the families of which including middle family containing 11-50 species and large family containing more than 50 species,total 17 families,658 species and accounted for 80.04%,constitute the main body of the level structure of the species level of family.The dominant families are Gramineae(38/142),Compositae(30/128),Leguminosae(12/66),Cruciferae(24/43),Chenopodiaceae(14/39),Dianthus.There are 15 families including Caryophyllaceae(11/30)and Ranunculaceae(13/29).From the species level of genera,the genus of which including oligotypic genus containing 2-5 genus,multiple genus containing 6-10 genus,mesotypic genus containing 11-20 genus,plurimotypic genus containing 21-30 genus,total 135 genus,687 species and accounted for 83.58%,which constitutes the main body of the genus horizontal structure,in which the dominant species mainly include Oxytropis(25),Artemisia(23),Poa(23),Astragalus(21),Elymus(19),Taraxacum(17),and Stipa(15)are 11 genera.There are certain peculiarities in this area,of which there are 7 species endemic to the West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang: Urtica kunlunshanica,Ranunculus hetianensis,Lepidium kunlunshanicum,Ligularia kunlunshanica,Poa spiciformls,Poa scabriculmis,Leymus pishanica;in the western Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang are only distributed in 2 species: Stellaria decumbens,Parnassia viridiflora.There are only two kinds of species in the West Kunlun Mountains in China: Taraxacum stanjukoviczii,Crepis karelinii.The rare and endangered species in this area are national class I key protected wild plants: Cypripedium macranthum;National Grade II key protected wild plants: Ajania tibetica,Coeloglossum viride,Ephedra intermedia,Goodyera repens,Orchis latifolia,Rhodiola gelida,Rhodiola pamiro~alaica,Rhodiola himalensis,Rhodiola litwinowii,Sabina centrasiatica,Goodyera repens is included in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Plants(CITES).There are 25 kinds of species in the “China Red List” category,including 1 species of critically endangered plants,2 species of endangered plants,3 species susceptible to danger,2 species near danger,and 17 species without danger.There are 29 species and 1 variants in the "List of Key Protected Wild Plants in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region".The plant life style in this area is relatively abundant,and the proportion of herbaceous plants is relatively large,with 727 species accounting for 88.44% of the total species,of which 566 species are perennial herbs,accounting for 68.86% of the total species;followed by 1-2 years old herbs,19.59% of the total species;91 species of woody plants,there are 3 types of trees,shrubs,semi-shrubs;the area also has 4 kinds of parasitic plants.Ecotype types are relatively single,with 3 types.The main species are mesophytes,totalling 708 species,accounting for 86.13% of the total species;there are 70 species of xerophilous plants,accounting for 8.52% of the total species;44 species of wet plants,accounting for 5.35% of the total species.The floristic components of the family are dominated by the north temperate distribution and variants,with the weak old world temperate and Mediterranean,and West Asia to Central Asia.The geographical composition of the genus is relatively complex,with 267 genera divided into 11 distribution types and 14 variations.The northern temperate zone is the dominant species with 99 genera,accounting for 44.39% of the non-world genera in the region;followed by the temperate distribution of the old world,with 44 genera,accounting for 19.73% of the non-worldly species in the region,second only to the north temperate zone.Living in the second place of the district;the Mediterranean ranked third,with 26 genera,accounting for 11.65% of the non-world number of the region;Central Asia ranked fourth,with 20 genera,accounting for 8.97% of the non-world genera of the region;Tropical distribution type 14 genera;East Asia distribution type 3 genera;China uniquely distributed 2 genera.the three types of temperate distribution are 153 genera,accounted for 68.61%,about 2/3,and the temperate zone are obvious,which is consistent with the geographical location of the north temperate zone;there are closely related to the components of the Mediterranean,Central Asia and Western Asia(44 genera,19.73%),a small number of tropical distribution types,and other components such as East Asia are few.This area is adjacent to the Pamirs and Karakorum Mountains in China,the geographical features of the three regions are similar,indicating that the occurrence and development history of the three areas is basically the same.The vertical distribution composition of woody plants in this area shows the trend of increasing first and then decreasing with increasing altitude.The horizontal distribution is from Yecheng to the West or East.There are fewer species of woody plants.Woody plants can basically reflect the distribution of vegetation in the West Kunlun Mountains.