The Study Of Compositae Plant On The West Kunlun Mountain In Xinjiang

The West Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang, lying in the border between Xinjiang and Tibet, Which is scored about 900 kms in length, 130-200 kms in width, 1.5-5.0 kms in height, lying on the north of West Kunlun mountains bounded by Kashi District(Shache, Yecheng) and Hetian District(Pishan, HetianCity, Cele, Yutian, Minfeng etc.). My research focuses on Southern Xinjiang Districts, mainly including the cities of Hetian, Cele, Minfeng, Yutian, Pishan, Yecheng, Shache etc, which all lie in the regions of Hetian District and Kashi District. Both of the two are located in the northern part of the West Kunlun Mountains. This article makes systematic morphological taxonomy research on compositae plants of these areas. Based on the diversity of species of these areas which includes the analysis on costitute of genus and species, life form, characteristics of floral region and its similarity with its adjacent areas, this article classifies and evaluates the resources of these areas,really contributing to adding new content and data to the seed plant flora of botanical research, and also providing a new theoretical foundation and scientific basis for the Compositae plant resources of rational utilization and protection and construction of ecological environment.The research shows that: about 8 tribe, 30 genus, 129 species, 1 subspecie and 6 varieties, tribe accounting for 72.73%, genera accounting for 26.09%, species accounting for 23.98%, in the West Kunlun Mountain in Xinjiang. Among them, 21 new record species have been discovered, they are Pyrethrum transiliense(Herd.) Rgl. et Schmalh, Waldheimia tomentosa(Decne.) Rgl., Ajania fastigiata(Winkl.) Poljak., Artemisia phaeolepis Krasch., Artemisia austriaca Jacq., A. pubescens Ledeb., Seriphidium kaschgaricum(Krasch.) Poljak., S. cinum(Berg, ex Poljak.) Poljak., S. terrae-albae(Krasch.) Poljak., Senecio dubitabilis Jaffer et Y. L. Chen, S. krascheninnikovii Schischk., Leontopodium leontopodioides(Willd) Beauv., Echinops albicaulis Kar. et Kir., E. tjanschanicus Bobr., Saussurea ovata Benth., Olgaea roborowskyi Iljin, Taraxacum stenolobum Stschegl., T. compactum Schischk., T. luridum Hagl., T. kok-saghyz Rodin., Chondrilla brevirostris Fisch. et Mey..The genus of compositae plants relatively are affluent in the West Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang. From the level of families, the research discoveries that 2 families counting for 40 minus species are growing, reproducting and distrbuting in the areas, including Anthemideae Cass.(5 genus, 41 species, 2 verieties) and Cichorieae Spreng(9 genus, 41 species, 1 verieties). Another 3 genus including 10 to 18 species are Cynareae Less.(4 genus, 18 species), Astereae Cass.(5 genus, 10 species, 1 subspecies, 2 verieties) and Inuleae.(3 genus, 10 species). Except above all, we also classified another 3 genus, including Senecioneae Cass.(2 genus, 5 species, 1 verities), Echinopsideae Cass.(1 genera, 3 species)and Heliantheae Cass.(1 genera, 1 specie). From the level of genera, we classified them into 6 genera(75 species, 20% in total genus, 58.14% in total species). The largest is Artemisia(23 species, 17.83%), and the second one is Taraxacum(17 species, 13.18%). The third is Saussurea(13 species, 10.08%). The widow genera have 44 species, 14 genera, including Sonchus, Youngia, Crepis. All the single genera in total have 10 species, 10 genera, including Asterothamnus, Brachyactis, Xanthium Apparently, classification showes that the distributiones of fewer and the single are triumphly bigger, getting to 80.00% in all genus.In contrast, the percentage of few genera and diverse genera consisting of 119 species are technically superior to 92.25%.Compositae plants in the West Kunlun Mountain in Xinjiang have 4 special genus accounting for 3.10%, endemically. They are Senecoi kunlunshanicus Z. X. An, Ligularia kunlunshanica Z. X. An, S. hotanica Z. X. An, Ajania qiraica Z. X. An et Dilxat. Endemic to kunlun mountains, the ratio of T. centrasiaticum D. T. Zhai et Z. X. An, T. qirae D. T. Zhai et Z. X. An is 1.55%. The only distribution of T. stanjukoviczii Schischk. and Crepis karelinii M. Pop. et Schischk. also gets to 1.55%. By parity of reasoning, Compositae plants have certain diversity phenomenon in those areas where are topographic stenosis.The life form are dominated by Hemicryptophyt in the West Kunlun Mountain in Xinjiang,95 species accounting for 73.64%. It shows that perennial herb plants are more adapt to the cold dry and windy, high altitude environment, it also reflected the characteristics of the area belongs to the temperate regions.Other therophyte species accounting for 16,chamaephyt species accounting for 2 are totally 34 species accounting for 26.36%. Even though the percentage is quite low, its position in botanical constitution is not neglectful.Geographical components of compositae plants in the West Kunlun Mountain in Xinjiang can be divided into eight distribution geographical elements and five variants., mainly distributed in temperate zone and subtemperate zone, accounting for 63.33% and 70.54%. Secondly, compositae plants distribute in East Asia, North America, Central Asia, Mediterranean, between West Asia to Central Asia, Endemic to China, lacking of tropical distribution. Although its proportion is not high, it has a certain contact.The similarity coefficient of compositae accounting for 26 genus in the West Kunlun Mountain of Xinjiang and the Pamir of China is 65.00%, and The similarity coefficient of the West Kunlun Mountain in Xinjiang and the Karakorum mountains in China accounting for 21 genus is 61.76%. Both of the two areas having a high similarity coefficient are 36.73%(72 species) and 36.65%(59 species).The distribution type shows that compositae plants in these areas have a remarkable contact in the level of genera. This is similar to three regional ecological and geographical environment, vegetation adjacent factors such as altitude and similar area. But the species in three areas have few contacts.