The Study Of Monocotyledons In The West Kunlun Mountain In Xinjiang

The West Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang was located in the border area of xinjiang and Tibet,and the Pamir adjacent northwest,the Karakorum adjacent southwest,the Middle kunlun mountains locked in the east and south into the northern Tibet plateau.The whole mountain east-west length is of more than 900 kilometers,north-south width is of 130-200 kilometers.This paper focuses on the research range in the north of West Kunlun mountains bounded by Kashi District(Shache,Yecheng)and Hetian District(Pishan,Hetian City,Cele,Yutian,Minfeng).The area is about 1500 to 5000 meters above sea level.The area is cold and dry weather,little rainfall,vegetation type is unique,forming a mountain dry type vertical band spectrum,mainly including Mountain desert belt,mountain desert grassland belt,mountain grassland belt(local coniferous forest),alpine meadow belt,ice and snow belt.The research shows that: West Kunlun Mountains Monocotyledons plants in Xinjiang have totally10 families,61 genera and 215 species,respectively accounts for 52.63%,45.86%,and 26.35% of families,genera and species of Xinjiang Monocotyledons.And 16 new record species were discovered,respectively typha latifolia,typha laxmannii,typha angustifolia,festuca alatavica,bromus japonicus,bromus squarrosus,elytrigia elongatiformis,elymus komarovii,elymus praecaespitosus,elymus viridula,leymus yiunensis,leymus tianschanicus,juncus aletaiensis,allium bidentatum,allium kaschianum,allium mongolicum.The type in families of Monocotyledons in the West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang: one genus family(including 1 genera)has 5 families 5 genera,Typhaceae(1/4),Juncaginaceae(1/2),Alismataceae(1/1),Juncaceae(1/9),Iridaceae(1/6),few genus family(including 2-5genera)has 2 families and 6 genera,Potamogetonaceae(2/9),Liliaceae(4/15),middle genus family(including 6-15 genera)has 2 families and 13 genera,Cyperaceae(7/27),Orchidaceae(6/6),many genus family(including ?16 genera)has 1 families and 37 genera,Gramineae(37/136),respectively accounted for 50.00%,20%,20%,10% of total families,accounted for8.20%,9.84%,21.31%,60.66% of total genera;one species family(including 1 species)has 1families and 1 species,Alismataceae(1/1),few species family(including 2-9 species)has 6families and 36 species,Typhaceae(1/4),Potamogetonaceae(2/9),Juncaginaceae(1/2),Juncaceae(1/9),Iridaceae(1/6),Orchidaceae(6/6),middle species family(including 10-19species)has 1 families and 15 species,Liliaceae(4/15),many species family(including ?20species)has 2 families and 163 species,Gramineae(37/136),Cyperaceae(7/27),respectively accounted for 10%,60%,10%,20% of the total families,accounted for 0.47%,16.74%,6.98%,75.71% of the total species.Gramineae and Cyperaceae are the dominant families of monocotyledons in this area.Composition characteristics of genera: large genus(including ?10 species)has 5 genera and 77 species,Poa(23),Elymus(18),Stipa(14),Carex(11),Allium(11),which is thedominant genus of monocotyledonous plants in this area,many species genus(including 6-9species)has 7 genera and 56 species,Potamogeton(8),Festuca(8),Puccinellia(9),Leymus(9),Calamagrostis(7),Juncus(9),Iris(6),few species genus(including 2-5 species)has 18 genera and 51 species,single species genus(including 1 species)has 31 genera and 31 species,respectively accounted for 8.20%,11.48%,29.51%,50.82% of total genera,respectively accounted for 35.81%,26.05%,23.72%,14.42% of the total species.The proportion of single species genus is the highest,but the number of species is very small.The proportion of many species genus and large genus is very low,but there are more species,including 133 species,which accounts for 61.86 %.The endemism of monocotyledonous is more obvious in this area,there are 4 species of Xinjiang West Kunlun Mountain endemic species,and 2 species are only distributed in Xinjiang West Kunlun Mountain in China.Life forms of monocotyledonous plants in the West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang is relatively simple,apart from annual herbs(24 species,accounting for 11.16% of the total species),the rest are perennial herbs,191 species,accounting for 88.84% of the total species.The ecotype is dominated by Mesophytes(85 species,accounted for 39.53%)and xerophytes(80 species,accounted for 37.21%),showing its close relationship with grassland and meadow,followed by a small amount of hygrophytes(50 species,accounted for 23.26%).The floristic elements of the flora in the West Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang are more complex,with 8 distribution types and 4 variants,which exhibit obviously the temperate distribution and its variant(64.58%),are closely related to the tropical distribution(22.92%),and are related to the distribution of West Asia and Central Asia and its variants.