Chain Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks is a network consists of hundreds of sensor nodes which have the ability of sensing,computing and communication.Nodes in WSNs build a network by self-organizing.The wireless sensor network has its advantages that can be fix up fastly,cost less and the relationships between nodes are not intense.Because WSNs has strong ability to adapt to the environment and possess above features so as to be widely used in military,civil,communication and other aspects.However,it still has its own limitations that nodes in network has limited energy and can not be charged.How to reduce the energy consumption in data transmission process,improve energy efficiency and prolong the network life cycle is the hotspot of the research of wireless sensor networks.First of all,routing protocol adopts the greedy algorithm in chain process,this strategy can reduce the communication distance between nodes greatly so as to reduce the transmission energy consumption.However,this kind of chain forming in the process of building transmission path will certainly cause some nodes to generate long chain inevitably and data delay of single chain structure is large.This paper presents the MADD protocol improving the single structure to multi-chain structure,MADD applies the greedy method in the process of building chain structure,considering the average distance between nodes in chain and node density at the same time in order to reduce the long chain generating to save node energy and avoid excessive concentration of data.Experimental results show that the proposed protocol is effective in reducing the transmission energy consumption and prolongs the life cycle of the network in a degree.Secondly,the paper proposes an improved algorithm according routing protocol based on MADD.In the leader node selection process,the proposed method considers the residual energy of node and the distance to the base station as standards to select the appropriate node as leader.At the same time,the algorithm adjusts main chain dynamically to achieve the residual energy balance of nodes in links so as to improve the wireless sensor the life cycle of the network further.