Deployment Strategy And Routing Protocol For Long Chain-type Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network has a problem that data traffic will be concentrated on sensor nodes nearby sink node,which makes partial nodes use up their energy earlier.The problem can also be called as load imbalance problem.Sensor nodes of long chain type wireless sensor network is deployed in a quite special topology,which makes achieving unbalanced-load more easily.Partial earlier died sensor nodes degrade monitoring quality and may lead to discontinuity of the network.Finding a way to provide load balancing and energy efficiency is the key problem for long chain type wireless sensor network.To solve above problem,a scheme which combines node deployment strategy and novel routing protocol is proposed.Mobile sink nodes are introduced with regular movement.Dynamic clustering is implemented based on the sink nodes' regular movement across the network.Through the above strategies,the scheme accomplishes load balancing among sensor nodes and sink nodes.The load balancing isn't gotten by lower energy efficiency,and the energy efficiency will still sustain a high level.Normally,clustering will come up with considerable energy consumption which concludes broadcasting location of sink nodes and communication between sensor nodes and sink nodes.For scheme in this research,every node decides its operating state by algorithm stored in its own processor.So,there is no need for advertisement of mobile relay nodes' location.Only a few messages for clock synchronization among nodes are needed.So clustering energy consumption is saved and time for clustering is quite short.Energy consumption performances are evaluated via extensive simulations at barrier coverage sensor network and linear sensor network.Simulation results show that the scheme can achieve both load balancing and energy efficiency.What's more,node localization is realized based on the uniform deployment with cost saving on positioning equipment.By synthetically utilizing node deployment strategy and routing protocol,base station can real-time monitoring residual energy of sensor nodes for timely maintenance,which can extend the protocol to be suitable for event-driven,and query-driven data delivery model.