On Farmers' Scientific Consciousness Guidance In The Process Of Agricultural Science And Technology Extension

This study,based on the understanding of the awareness of science and technology,describes the meaning of farmers' awareness of technology as following: it's a general term that the majority farmers bear the cognition,conception and psychological characteristics of science and technology in their mind,specifically in the reservation of scientific and technological knowledge,mastery of the scientific methods,the comprehension of scientific values and the cognition of scientific spirit.Farmers with strong scientific awareness often highly praise the role of science and technology,strongly request for mastering the knowledge of agricultural science and technology,accept and welcome new agricultural knowledge,technology and methods to make an application into production and then continuously improve agricultural productivity.Contrarily,the peasants with weak awareness of science and technology cannot fully understand the role of science and technology.They maybe passively accept or even reject these new things and take on a doubtable or even negative attitude to new agriculture knowledge,new technology and new methods,which will hinder the widespread application of science and technology and also limit the improvement of the productivity in rural areas.This paper analyzes the importance of improving the farmers' awareness of science and technology and its important role in speeding up the development of agricultural science and technology,building a new socialist countryside and promoting agricultural modernization process.And the author made a survey on the awareness of science and technology of the farmers in Mabu Village,Jinzhai County of Anhui province and analyzed the results of this survey on this issue.The findings show that the farmers of Mabu Village have a weak consciousness of science and technology,a bad knowledge of scientific methods,and many mistaken or one-sided understandings on the values of science and the scientific spirit.The reasons why the farmers have a weak awareness of science and technology not only come from their own personal factors,but also come from the social environment factors.For the internal factors,those farmers traditionally had mental slavery of individual agricultural economy,no good education as well as negative psychological factors.For the external factors,the urban-rural dual structure results in transfer of rural labor,inadequate execution of agricultural policy and poor agricultural science infrastructure.Simple agricultural technology promotion leads to the lack of effective technology demonstration and imperfect agricultural personnel training system.Finally,this paper,based on four guiding mechanisms: farmer,national government,agricultural universities,research institutions and market,proposes several effective ways and suggestions such as focus on improving the self-regulating capacity of farmers to eliminate the negative psychological impact;paying attention to the training of young farmers' awareness of science and technology to explore the career leader of agricultural science and technology;establishing and improving all kinds of policies,laws and regulations to develop the security system of the promotion of agricultural science and technology;increasing financial support for agriculture to strengthen the infrastructure construction;bringing agricultural colleges,research institutions' professional advantage into full play and personnel training in agricultural science and technology;with the use of market mechanisms,stimulating the intrinsic motivation of farmers to encourage those people to participate in promoting agricultural science and technology.We believe all these ways and suggestions will do help to improve farmers' awareness of science and technology in agriculture.