Effect Of Migrant Work On Cultivated Land Management In Taihe, Jiangxi Province

Cultivated land,as one type of land,is the labor object of the human and the basic resources and conditions of survival.Farmer is the most basic level cultivated land use decision-maker and actors but also the direct effect of cultivated land use change and related policy specific responder.Nearly thirty years,benefit from the country’s reform and opening up policy,a large number of rural labor in China continue to mass transfer to the coastal cities and more developed regions.It is also caused the government and the social from all walks of life to the agricultural development and the national food security concerns and attention.So,researching the relationship between farmers’ going out and cultivated land changes in operating conditions and finding the inherent law between the two can effectively avoid the rural labor force to go out the negative effect to the agricultural development.The realization of farmers’ income and the sustainable development of rural economy is of great significance.This study take Taihe County in Jiangxi Province as an example,on the basis of collecting relevant statistical data and referring to a large number of related literatures,through field investigation three times,three times in the questionnaire,in-depth interviews,participatory rural appraisal method and with the help of the related model and statistical analysis method,to farmers for the unit, we conducted an empirical analysis from the Angle of the micro of farmers’ going out and working for the effects of cultivated land management. We distinguish between different types of farmers combining with the results of other researchers.Labor out of different types are emphatically analyzed and farmers cultivated land management effect as well as to the different cryovolcanic management effect and its mechanism.We arrive at the following review:Since the 1990s, the change of farmers labor’s going out in Taihe County Can be roughly divided into three periods:initial stage(from 1990 to 2000)、rapidly changing period(from 2001 to 2005)、diversification period(Since 2006).Farmers’ going out and working have the characteristics of following three aspects:Types of employment from the single to diversification;types of farmer household also from pure farmers to part-time farmers again to the non-farmer.Multiple occupations is more and more obvious;Farmers migrant labor specialization level enhances unceasingly.Farmers’going out and working for cultivated land management effect mainly manifest in the influence on cultivated land conversion、cultivated land use structure, land use intensive degree, output of arable land and the cultivated land fertility and ecological.Different types of farmers based on the cultivated land circulation number:The non-farmer>2concurrent-business farmers>l concurrent-business farmers>pure farmers.According to transferred-in arable land area in each household:1 concurrent-business farmers>pure farmers>2 concurrent-business farmers, The non-farmer don’t turn to land;According to transferred-out arable land area in each household:The non-farmer>2concurrent-business farmers>lconcurrent-business farmers>pure farmers.Rural cultivated land circulation is mainly to rent, sub-contract, transfer, delegate of the basic form in Taihe County,The main of it are Cultivated land circulation to lease or subcontract and commissioned.Transfer by government is the main behavior of land expropriation.There are differences in cultivated land use structure in three kinds of different morphologic regions.First, there are differences in the change of crops planting area;Secondly,the change of crops planting area is different per household; Crop planting structure to give priority to with rice, rapeseed, seasonal vegetables in Taihe County and Planting structure simplification.Cultivated land marginalized mountainous area.According to the survey we found that differences in different types of farmers cultivated land intensive use.Cultivated land use mainly for moderate intensive in Pure farmers.Cultivated land use mainly for moderate intensive and highly intensive in 1 concurrent-business farmers and 2 concurrent-business farmers, change of cultivated land intensive use also embodies in time and space.In time,crop labor intensive degree are declining trend year by year.In space,labor intensive degree is common in food production decline in whole county,But in different areas,due to the effect of various factors,Level of labor intensity during different periods and its change in significant difference. Different regional intensive degree and its structure characteristics is outcome of combined action of nature, society and economy.Farmers’ going out and working will produce a certain degree of influence to he output of arable land and the cultivated land fertility and ecological.