Study On The "Non-grain" Utilization Of Family Farmers' Cultivated Land In Different Geomorphic Regions Of Chongqing

With the development of rural land transfer,as a new type of agricultural management,family farm has become an important way of developing modern agricultural management,and plays an important role in the development of agricultural modernization,therefore,it is great significance to develop family farm deeply.Family farm has been highly valued by the national level in the last four years,and developed rapidly in most parts of the country,it is the main utilization of cultivated land resources in the future.Cultivated land is the material basis for human survival and development.The decision of cultivated land utilization of family farms will have some influence on the quality of cultivated land and food security.Study on the land use characteristics of family farms based on different geomorphic areas.It is not only an important means for the protection and management of cultivated land quality,but also an important reference for adjusting the behavior and strategy of cultivated land utilization in different geomorphic areas,a scientific basis for promoting the rational utilization of cultivated land resources.Therefore,it has a great significance to the development of agricultural economy and the sustainable and healthy development of the whole society to study on the farmland use in family farms,especially the micro decision-making mechanism of farmland investment in different geomorphic areas.Taking Rongchang and Qijiang of Chongqing as an example,this paper studies the characteristics of "non-grain" use of farmland in different geomorphic regions,and discusses the main influencing factors.The characteristics of Chongqing landform are obvious,mainly in mountain and hilly areas.The study is based on the Rongchang hilly areas and the middle-low mountain areas of Qijiang,using questionnaire survey,statistical analysis and two Logistic regression analysis.First of all,this paper makes a statistical analysis of the characteristics of the farmland use of the family farm,and then focuses on the analysis of the influence factors of the "non-grain" use.Finally,the paper discusses the countermeasures and suggestions to realize the reasonable utilization of farmland and the food security.Based on the investigation of the family farms in the hilly areas of Rongchang and the middle-low mountain areas of Qijiang,131 valid questionnaires were obtained,and the effective rate was about 93.57%.According to the previous research results,and considering the particularity of the study area and feasibility of the study,we select four characteristic variables finally: family farm characteristics,resource endowments,economic factors,policy factors as the influence factors of "non-food" investment behavior of family farm cultivated land.The family farms characteristics include 4 indicators: the age of farmers,the level of education of farmers,the working experience of farmers,the number of long-term labor force;Resource endowments include 2 indicators: the cultivated area of family farms and the Geomorphic features;Economic factors include 4 indicators: the annual rent of cultivated land,the total annual sales of agricultural products,the input of agricultural production and human input;Policy factors include 4 indicators: obtain support funds,loan funds,the length of cultivated land transfer,the way of cultivated land transfer.In this study,SPSS20.0 was used to analyze the "non-grain" use of the family farm cultivated in the region.In order to explore the influence factors of the "non-grain" use of farmland in different geomorphic regions,the corresponding two Logistic regression analysis model was established,and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward.The main conclusions of the study are:(1)There is a high degree of "non-grain" phenomenon in the hilly areas of Rongchang and the middle-low mountain areas of Qijiang of the family farms in Chongqing,"non-grain" management ratio reached 82.09% and 90.06%,so the phenomenon of "non grain" is more prominent in the middle and low mountain areas.(2)There are significant differences in the use of farmland in different landform areas.In the same of some other factors,the main factors to consider the terrain caused by the Qijiang family farm operating scale is less than the Rongchang District,agricultural input costs,labor costs,land costs are higher than the Rongchang area.(3)It is obvious that the phenomenon of irrational use of farmland in family farms.In all of the survey samples,42.75% of the family farm land for the crop-plantation,which also includes the cultivation of fruit trees,trees,etc.,there are 57.25% of the family farm there will be used for husbandry industry and so on.(4)On the 131 valid samples for analysis,found that the main factors of family farm cultivated land "non-food" use are: the education level of farmers,the Geomorphic features,the total annual sales of agricultural products,the input of agricultural production.The education level of farmers,the annual sales of agricultural products and the investment of agricultural production are positively correlated with the "non grain" utilization of farmland in family farms.The family farm in the middle-low mountain areas is more inclined to "non grain" investment than the the hilly areas.(5)On the 67 valid samples in Rongchang hilly areas for analysis,found that the main factors of family farm cultivated land "non-food" use are: the education level of farmers,the total annual sales of agricultural products,the input of agricultural production,the annual rent of cultivated land.The education level of farmers,the annual sales of agricultural products and the investment of agricultural production are positively correlated with the "non grain" utilization of farmland in family farms.The analysis result is consistent the total sample.The difference is that the annual rent of cultivated land is also the main influencing factor of the "non-grain" investment of the farmland in the hilly area,and the higher the annual rent of cultivated land,the more inclined to "non-grain" investment.(6)On the 64 valid samples in Qijiang middle-low areas for analysis,found that the main factors of family farm cultivated land "non-food" use are: the level of education of farmers,the total annual sales of agricultural products,the input of agricultural production,the number of long-term labor force,human input.The education level of farmers,the annual sales of agricultural products and the investment of agricultural production are positively correlated with the "non grain" utilization of farmland in family farms.The analysis result is consistent the total sample.The difference is that the number of long-term labor force and human input are also the main influencing factor of the "non-grain" investment of the farmland in the middle-low areas,and the more the number of long-term labor force and human input,the more inclined to "non-grain" investment.Aiming at the trend of non-grain utilization of family farms cultivated land in different landform areas,here are a few suggestions.Establish a new fund to encourage food production,and guide farmers to manage food crops;Promote grain agricultural insurance,relieve the worries of family farms;Strengthen the control of cultivated land use;Regulate the land transfer market,guide the transfer price rationalization;Strengthen the training and guidance of family farmers.