Factors Influencing Primary Dysmenorrheal In Female College Students And Evaluation Of Effect Of Health Education

BackgroundPrimary dysmenorrheal, refers to a symptom in which the reproductive organ does not have organic pathologic change but, appears abdominal pain, lumbar acid or other discomfort during the menstruation. Primary dysmenorrheal in the majority of patients will occur during menstruation, especially within6months to2years after menarche. Primary dysmenorrheal happens young women at the age of15to35years old, and seriously affect their life and work.About the incidence of primary dysmenorrheal, there have been different domestic and international reports. A study in2000showed that the incidence of primary dysmenorrheal in China was56.06%and more than13.55%of young women were seriously affected by primary dysmenorrheal. In recent years, surveys of primary dysmenorrheal in female college students in China showed that, the incidence of primary dysmenorrheal ranged between40%～80%. The incidence of primary dysmenorrheal in Chinese young female showed an increasing trend year by year.In recent years, the studies and understanding of primary dysmenorrheal are getting deeper. Researchers are actively discussing the effective treatment and intervention measures of primary dysmenorrheal. This study investigated the related factors and the incidence of primary dysmenorrheal. Based on this, we carried out health education, in order to further reduce the influence of primary dysmenorrheal in female college students.Objectives1. To understand the incidence and influencing factors of primary dysmenorrheal in female college students.2. To investigate the period accompanying symptoms, degree of pain and menstrual countermeasures of primary dysmenorrheal in female college students.3. To carry out health education on primary dysmenorrheal in female college students and, compare the changes of the various indicators between the intervention group and the control group before and after the health education.MethodsA random cluster sampling method was used to enroll female college students in the Shandong Yingcai College. A self designed general questionnaire, VAS, MDQ, and menstrual countermeasures scale were administered. The subjects who did not meet standard of dysmenorrheal or unqualified questionnaires with too much missing values were eliminated. Epidata and SPSS were used to conduct double entry and data analysis which included chi-square test, T test, descriptive analysis and Multiple Logisitic analysis.Results1. The incidence of primary dysmenorrheal in female college students was65.22%(555/851). Among them,34.77%(193/555)were with mild dysmenorrheal,43.78%(243/555) with moderate dysmenorrheal, and21.44%(119/555)with severe dysmenorrheal. 2. Factors influencing primary dysmenorrhea-univariate analysis:grade, body mass index, growth environment, mother’s education, mother or sister having a history of dysmenorrhea, study pressure, interpersonal relationships, dietary patterns, menstrual menarche age, sleep quality, physical exercise, habit of having breakfast, eating cold or spicy food during menstruation, washing with cold water during menstruation, emotional states, attitude towards menstruation were significantly related to primary dysmenorrheal(P<0.05or P<0.01).3. The correlation analysis of primary dysmenorrheal:body mass index and menarche age had significantly negative correlation with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea(P<0.01).4. Multivariate analysis of primary dysmenorrhea:multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the above-mentioned factors found that body mass index, study pressure, mother or sister having a history of dysmenorrhea, physical exercise, eating spicy food during menstruation, washing with cold water during menstruation, menstrual menarche age, menstrual emotional state and menstrual way wash bath, a total of nine factors are the main factors influencing primary dysmenorrheal(P<0.05).5. Comparison of the degree of pain between the intervention group and control group before and after health education Before health education, there was no statistically significant difference in the score of the degree of pain between the intervention group and control group (P>0.05). After health education, there was statistically significant difference in the score of the degree of pain between the intervention group and control group(P<0.01). 6. Comparison the menstruation countermeasures between the intervention group and control group before and after health education Before health education, there was no statistically significant difference in the score of menstruation countermeasures between the intervention group and control group(P>0.05). After health education, there was statistically significant difference in the score of menstruation countermeasures between the intervention group and control group (P<0.01).Conclusions1. The incidence of primary dysmenorrheal in female college students is high (65.22%), which seriously affect their life and work.2. The main factors influencing primary dysmenorrheal in female college students included:growing environment, body mass index (BMI), mother or sister’s history of dysmenorrheal, menarche age, living habits(irregular diet, lack of physical exercise, washing in cold water during menstruation, etc), social psychological factors (learning stress, menstrual emotional state, interpersonal relationship, etc).3. Health education can effectively reduce the pain of primary dysmenorrheal in female college students, help them master the effective countermeasures to menstruation, and improve their ability to cope with primary dysmenorrheal.