Research On Clustering Algorithm Based On Grid In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) is an emerging integrated multidisciplinary research of multi-hop self-organizing network,which can do Real-time monitoring at detection area and collect data information of the detection area to the far side of researchers. Researchers use the data that collected by the wireless sensor node, to the observation and monitoring of the monitored object. Because of wireless sensor networks often apply in harsh or dangerous environment, the battery of the node can not be replaced,this leads to the node’s energy is restricted. How to balance and reduce node energy consumption has always been one of the hot issues of current wireless sensor networks.The most efficient way to Balance and save energy consumption is to use an appropriate routing protocol.As the most typical routing protocol is clustering routing protocol,so this article main research content is clustering routing protocols. The research contents of this thesis are as follow:(1) The thesis summarizes the research background and significance, research status at home and abroad, the network system structure, key technology, the network characteristics and application in various fields of WSN.These make people have an intuitive understanding of a certain degree of WSNs.(2) The thesis summarizes the classification of the classical routing protocols briefly,then analyzes typical clustering routing protocol such as LEACH, PEGASIS EEUC TEEN and HEED protocol in focus. Describing each clustering routing algorithm principle, realization of the process as well as the problems. Overall, these algorithms are currently exist different degrees of problems,for example, in the process of selecting nodes, these algorithms fail to consider the residual energy for each node into account and lead to the imbalance of energy consumption of cluster head. Uniform clustering mode and single hop communication mode lead to the cluster head away from the base station energy consumpts more than others.(3) This thesis proposes an improved energy conservation clustering algorithm based on advantages and disadvantages of LEACH protocol and EEUC protocol. The new algorithm mainly improved in three ways:first of all, introducing the idea of virtual grid,each grid only actives the max residual energy node to collect data, in order to decrease redundant data acquisition.Then introducing residual energy of nodes and optimal number of cluster head into the algorithm to make the selection of cluster head be more reasonable.At last, using uneven clustering to balance power consumption of the cluster.Clusters near the base station set smaller scale because inter-cluster forwarding power consumption is higher. By reducing the energy consumption of cluster internal, adding forwarding data of energy consumption between clusters.As clusters far away from the base station cost less energy between clusters,so the clusters are set larger scale to contain more nodes to increase the energy consumption of the clusters themselves.(4) Using MATLAB tools to compare and analyse UECG algorithm with LEACH and EEUC in different aspects. Through simulation experiment, the results show that the improved UECG is better than LEACH protocol and EEUC in terms of energy saving and the network life cycle.It can also balance the network energy consumption of each node better. In the high node density environment,UECG reflects a more superior performance and effectively increases the survival time of WSNs.