Research On Energy-balanced Uneven Clustering Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network is formed by a large number of energy constrained sensor nodes in a self-organization way and the nodes transmit data of network cooperatively. However, the node is limited by its volume and cost, their computing ability, communication ability and energy are greatly affected. It is the optimization goal of WSN that how to realize the energy consumption minimization and maximize the network’s survival time. Existing research try to prolong the survival time of Wireless Sensor Network from different directions, while this paper intends to extend the network’s life time by the optimization of routing protocols in Wireless Sensor Network.In view of the inequality problem of energy consumption in some present routing protocols, this paper puts forward an energy-balanced uneven clustering routing protocol. This protocol adopts the layered network model and the idea of uneven clustering to solve the network problem of "hot spots" caused by multiple hops between clusters; Based on the principle of uniform energy consumption uniform between cluster heads, we can calculate the optimal cluster numbers for each layer; And in order to make the clusters uniformly distributed in each layer, we evenly part each layer according to the calculated optimal cluster number elect the cluster head in every partition, so that the energy consumption will be more equalization. In the mode of communication between clusters, this protocol adopts the method of multi-hop to transmit data. Based on the studying of the multiple hops routing mechanisms at present, this paper introduces two concepts:CICR and CRQ, the former is used by the source nodes to select routing node whose network overhead is less, and the latter is used by the routing nodes to reply to the application from the source nodes according to their load degree. This way of communication can not only reduce energy consumption, and also can balance network load, so as to achieve the goal of balancing energy consumption and extend the life cycle of the entire network.In MATLAB simulation platform, classical clustering routing protocol LEACH and uneven clustering routing protocol EEUC and energy-balanced uneven clustering routing protocol in this paper are realized and compared. The simulation comparison mainly contains cluster distribution, the dead rate of nodes, the energy consumption and the lifetime of the network. Experiments show that the proposed routing protocol in this paper has significant advantages in balancing energy consumption of network, especially in the large-scale network, and can prolong the network’s lifetime significantly.Through this study, it provides method to do further research on Wireless Sensor Network, and the next step for me is to focus my research on the security of routing protocol in WSN.