The Research On Energy Efficient Uneven Clustering Routing Algorithm

These nodes’s energy of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is very limited and difficult toupdate. Therefore, researching and designing energy efficient routing algorithms is theresearch hotspot and important task of Wireless Sensor Network.Firstly, this paper starts from the routing algorithms of wireless sensor network, analyzesexisting classic clustering routing algorithms and compares the performance of eachalgorithm. Then it introduces the background and algorithm procedure of Particle SwarmOptimization (PSO) and analyzes its application in Wireless Sensor Network. The aboveprovides the theoretical basis for the main work of this paper. Finally this paper puts forwardan uneven clustering routing algorithm based on adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization todeal with high energy consumption of cluster nodes and the problem of "hot area" caused bymulti-hop communication for traditional clustering routing algorithm. The main idea of newalgorithm is that in non-uniform clustering phase, it selects candidate nodes according torandom probability, and calculates competition radius of each candidate node according to thedistance between candidate node and sink node. Each candidate node selects the node whichhas the most residual energy in its competition radius as the initial cluster head to formmultiple clusters of different sizes. Then in the election phase of cluster heads, this algorithmcomprehensively considers residual energy of the node and the distance between nodes andother factors to select final cluster heads by judging the size of cluster and introducing theoptimized particle swarm optimization. Lastly in multi-hop communication phase, clusterheads select the next hop node by evaluating the residual energy of cluster head and analyzinglink cost and other factors to complete the multi-hop communication between cluster headsand sink node.This paper analyzes and compares the performance of the proposed algorithm with thetraditional Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarch (LEACH) and Energy-Efficient UnevenClustering (EEUC) through the simulation experiments. The results show that compared withother two algorithms, the network lifetime of this new algorithm has significantly improvedand the average energy consumption is also obviously reduced, which realizes high efficient use of energy for wireless sensor network.