Research On Uneven Clustering Algorithm Based On The Energy-efficient In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) can widely be used in the military environment monitoring and industry production, for real-time monitoring, sensing, collecting and processing information on a variety of monitoring objects.Since the number of sensor nodes in WSN is numerous and single node is extraordinary limited in energy and computing power, the traditional routing protocols are not suitable for wireless sensor network. The primary aim of designing the routing protocols is how to maximize the network lifetime and reduce the overall energy dissipated in the network.The paper sums up the structure of WSN, characteristics, application and development, compares some classic routing protocols that are proposed by researchers, and summarizes the criterion of designing routing protocols.Based on the Energy Hole problem of all the even clustering algorithm and the disadvantages of a typical clustering routing protocol LEACH, the dissertation proposes a new energy-balanced algorithm with the idea of uneven clustering.In this algorithm,the monitoring region is divided into three equal parts, each part elects the cluster head according to different cluster head probabilities.The size of cluster is unequal. To prolong the lifetime, our goal is to balance energy consumption of nodes in the network. How to identify hierarchy and the communication radius of cluster head in different layer are the main problems we focus on. During the stage of data transmission, we propose a parameter Distance_MAX. Meanwhile, the algorithm can realize inter-cluster communication via a simple relevant multi-hop.In addition, to reduce the energy consumption and improve data transmission efficiency,the cluster head in the same region use the data aggregation strategy, and then the aggregated data is sent to the inner layer.Simulation results demonstrate that our uneven clustering algorithm have better performance in prolonging the lifetime of network, the node energy utilization and survival rate, comparing with LEACH and EEUC, and effectively improve the Energy Hole problem.