Research On Energy Balanced Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

With the rapid development of sensor technology, network technologyand Micro-Electro-Mechanism wireless sensor network (WSN) has become thekey technology that can cooperate and run real time detection, sensing andcollecting information of the phenomenon，and then process，send it to the enduser．It is widely used in military, industrial controlling, environmentalmonitoring, medical assistance fields and traffic controlling, etc which hasbroad application prospects and use value.In wireless sensor network the energy is very limited, and can’t becomplemented in most situations. How to use the limited energy and resourceto prolong the lifetime of WSN as long as possible has been widespreadconcerned and become a criterion to evaluate the routing scheme.This thesis first introduces the basic concept and main features ofwireless sensor network, analyses power consumption situation of nodes andthe strategy of energy balancing in the network, and then discusses thewireless sensor network routing protocol technical characteristics and designtarget, respectively introduces several kinds of typical plane routing protocoland clustering routing protocol. At last we propose an Uneven Clusteringalgorithm based on load balance for Wireless Sensor Networks (UCLB)，aiming at such drawbacks in existing routing protocols as unbalanced energyconsumption and short lifetime in network.In UCLB algorithm, we computes optimal network cluster numbers basedon the uneven cluster, adjusts the ownership of the node to form an appropriatearchitecture of the network topology to save the energy consumption.In the UCLB algorithm, we not only realize the node of the uniformclumps, structure the node evaluation function and cluster head evaluationfunction, takes into account both the node of the energy efficiency, but alsoreduce the communication load of the cluster head. Then the proposed algorithm has the advantage of balancing cluster number and high energyefficiency.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectivelybalance the load of nodes, reduce the energy consumption and prolong thenetwork lifetime.