| This paper is an application research for hydrology and ice image testing aided by such kinds of research funding:China-Russia (NSFC-RFBR) international (regional) cooperation and exchange programs "Theory Test of Ice Thickness Measurements and Mechanical Strength Based on Physical Properties of Air, Ice and Water (Project Number:60811120556)", Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of2009called "The Research for Application and Mechanism Method Used in Hydrological Information All-weather Environmental Automatic Monitoring Based on the Physical Property Difference of Air, Ice and Water"(Project Number:20091402110004), China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group Corporation Central South Design Institute of Automatic Hydrological Engineering Company’s technology development project "R-T Hydrological Automatic Detection Sensor" and Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research’s technology development project "Research and Development of the Automatic Monitoring System of the Yellow River Ice Conditions".As the mother river of Chinese nation, Yellow River gave birth to five thousand years of Chinese civilization. Since ancient time, it is a true portrayal of the Yellow River management said that "It is easy to defense the summer flood but hard to prevent the ice flood". In recent years, the lives and property of people in the region along Yellow River suffered from great damages and serious threats because of the ice flood disaster, so it is time to take the Engineering of Ice Flood Prevention. The ice is the performance of a natural phenomenon when the river is melted and thawed in spring. However, the formation of ice is related with a variety of natural conditions, such as the ice thickness, the water level and the flow rate of the river in freezing period. Therefore, it is extremely important for the construction of the Yellow River ice flood disaster forecasting system with continuous and complete hydrological information and ice image information to achieve continuous automatic monitoring of hydrological information in freezing period as well as ice image in melting period.By accessing to a large number of literatures and making many trips to the Yellow River, surveying and studying, a combination of hydrological forecasting and ice image monitoring system has been taken and an integration of a variety of techniques such as the acquisition of hydrological data, the3G mobile communication, the PTZ remote control and the ice image data processing has been made. Therefore, a remote monitoring system with the functions of automatic acquisition of the hydrological information and ice image information of Yellow River has been designed, with which a comprehensive monitoring of "depth" and "breadth" for Yellow River could be achieved. Finally, the contents of this paper include the following aspects:1. Based on accessing to a large number of technical literatures, the development and current situation of the monitoring of hydrological and ice image both at home and abroad has been studied and concluded. In accordance with the actual situation of the Yellow River at PUTANGUAI in Inner Mongolia, the R-T (resistance-temperature gradient) ice thickness sensor has been selected to Real-Time measure the inner state of ice of the Yellow River section and thus the "depth" detection of the Yellow River hydrological information has been achieved. Meanwhile, by analyzing the existing mobile communication and combining with the actual situation of PUTANGUAI, the ice image monitoring system based on3GCDMA20001x-EvDO has been designed. Therefore, the Real-Time monitoring of the Yellow River ice image has been achieved, and the "breadth" monitoring of the Yellow River ice image has been achieved as well.2. By analyzing and studying the problem of the original ice image forecasting system based on GPRS exposed in engineering application, the communication network has been upgraded from GPRS to3G in order to improve the transfer rate and the clarity of the ice image. Meanwhile, the PTZ controlled ice image acquisition system has been designed to achieve the remote automatic switching and controlling for the monitoring scope of the ice image.3. In accordance with the scene of the Yellow River and based on analysis and calculation, the appropriate solar power system has been designed and the original installation of the ice thickness sensor has been improved in order that the complete data monitoring of hydrological and the ice image of the Yellow River from freezing period to melting period has been achieved.4. In order to meet the demand of the Yellow River ice image data processing and based on the analysis of the existing image segmentation algorithm,"Image Thresholding Segmentation Algorithm Based on Brightness Equalization" has been proposed and designed. The algorithm can be used to the segmentation of the ice and water of the ice image obtained by the system, and thus the ice density of the monitored river section can be calculated.The designed "Hydrological and Ice Image Monitoring System for Yellow River Cross Section" of this paper has been installed successfully in Yellow River at PUTANGUAI in Inner Mongolia at the time from2010/11to2011/3. Over five-month trial, the testing operation shows that:the system was running well and the "depth" detection of the hydrological (the water level under the ice, the height of the ice surface and the ice thickness) and the "breadth" monitoring of the ice image of Yellow River controlled by PTZ in need have been achieved in the same time. Therefore, it is the first time to achieve the complete and comprehensive monitoring of Yellow River both in time (from freezing period to melting period) and space ("depth" and "breadth").However, by analyzing the operating status of scene equipment and the results of post-data processing, some deficiencies and technical problems to be solved have been exposed, which need to be further solved and improved in future research. |
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