| Yesanhe Nature Reserve (YNR) is located in Jianshi County which in the mid-eastern of Hubei Province, extending from E110°1’18" to110°8’5", N30°15’16" to30°38’31", with a total area of11428hm2. Adopting field investifation and indoor analysis methods, plant species diversity of YNR was studied. The main results obtained are listed below.(1) According to the survey, YNR contained1234species of vascular plants which belong to175families and612genera (including infraspecific taxon and82species were cutivated plants belonging to47genera in4families). Of all the species, there were21families,32genera and46species of ferns;6families,16genera and27species of gymnosperms;148families,564genera and1161species of angiosperms.(2)The kinds of families of ferns was abundant, but contained poor number of genera and species. The21families of ferns can be divided into5areal-types, mainly including tropic elements, accounting for80%in total (excluding cosmopolitans). The32genera of ferns can be divided into9areal-types and2variety-types in the areal-types, tropic distribution type was dominant, accounting for63.63%in total (excluding cosmopolitans), at the same time, temperate elements occupies an important position in this flora. These all show the floristic elements in the YNR was divers and possesses tropic characteristics.(3)The species of wild seed plants tend to be included in minority great and bigger families and the advantage phenomenon is obvious. The differentiation of genera was great. Minor genus and single genus was dominant which included larger species. The150families of wild seed plants can be divided into11areal-types and10variety-types in the areal-types, tropic distribution type was dominant, accounting for56.88%in total (excluding cosmopolitans). The533genera of wild seed plants can be divided into14areal-types and17variety-types in the areal-types, temperate elements was dominant, accounting for59.06%in total (excluding cosmopolitans). What’s more, tropic elements was abundant, showed that the temperate elements in the YNR was obvious and had close link with the origin of tropical flora.(4)YNR included many families or genera which origin was ancient and phylogeny was original. As the one of important flora of paleogene and neogene plants, YNR included abundant acient and relict species. Among them, there were5monotypic families, accounting for19.2%in chinese total;2chinese endemic families;23chinese endemic genera. (5)According to the analysis of R/T (tropic genera/temperate gernra) of YNR and other5areas, ratio of R/T takes on a descendant trend as the increasing of latitude and an apparent rule on latitude zonation of floristic variation was expressed.According to the analysis of generic similarity index of YNR and other5areas, the results show that the YNR is closest to the Mulinzi Nature Reserve, the same gernra was439; but farthest to the Wulonghe Nature Reserve, the same gernra was396. Meanwhile, the rule on latitude zonation of floristic variation was expressed.(6)The life forms of vascular plants in YNR were various, could be divided into11forms. Of all the forms, the perennial herbs with384species accounting for33.33%took dominant position; shrubs with291species accounted for25.26%; arbors with263species accounted for22.83%; annual herbs106species; lianas69species; bamboos17species; frutices and suffrutices13species; parasitic plants, parastic herbs, rot-growing herbs and hydrophytic herbs took a small proportion.(7)There were plenty of rare and endangered plants in YNR, totoalled71species. Of all the species, there were16species of the national key protected wild plants, classified into Grade I3, Grade Ⅱ13;17species of national precious tree species, classified into Grade Ⅰ3, Grade Ⅱ14;23species of China Plant Red Date Book, classified into rare ones11, vulnerable ones12and none of the endangered ones;29species of China Species Red List, classified into VU ones26and NT ones13;17species of CITES;37species of Hubei rare and endemic plants.(8)The vegetation of YNR could be classified into3vegetation type groups,9vegetation types and49formations.(9)The ancient tree resources of YNR was abuntant, there were25ancient trees, should be classified into Grade Ⅰ5, Grade Ⅱ7and Grade Ⅲ13.(10)YNR contained1047species of wild plant resources which belong to169families and541genera, could be divided into12types (including muti-purpose). There were starch and other carbohydrate plants84species, oil plants144species, forage plants78species, honey plants122species, medicinal plants625species, pesticide plants39species, wood plants115species, fiber plants107species, tannic plants91species, unique aromatic plants71species, gum and resin plants22species and ornamental plants832species. According to the ornamental part, ornamental plants could be divided into5parts:flower plants597species, leaf plants338species, fruit plants280species, trunk plants60species and shape plants162species. Meanwhile, this article puts forward the countermeasures for protecting species diversity and sustainable developing wild plant resources. The purpose is to protect the biological diversity, develop the wild plant resources and provide background information and scientific basis for the construction and management of YNR... |
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