Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Protocol And Implementation

With the advancement of sensor and microelectronics, the development of low power consumed electronic devices and micro-controllers and the improvement of professional embedded operation system, the Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) has been developing fast in recent years. Utilized for military war, scientific research, business application, industry control and environment protection, the Wireless Sensor Network is showing promising prospect and values. Therefore, research institutions and standardization associations are focusing on its research. Though similar with wireless ad hoc network, the wireless sensor network has its own features. Its routing protocols need deeper research.This paper describes the design of routing protocols of the wireless sensor network and put forward AODV-PB and Static Directed Diffusion routing protocols used in the TinyOS operation system and the Ripple Routing protocol used in single-chip system.In the AODV-PB protocols, each node acquires routes through RREQ (Route Request) and RREP (Route Reply) broadcasting messages. The undirected link problem is thus avoided through end-to-end flooding request and reply messages. And the emulation verifies that in the static sensor network, the AODV-PB routing protocols consume lower powers compared with the current AODV routing protocols in WSN.The Static-state Directed Diffusion Routing protocols are implemented by improving the gradient-based algorithm. And the high time delay caused by large scaled node diffusion is reduced through end-to-end AVP (Attribute Value Pair) combined with gradient algorithm. At last, emulation is used to examine the performance of the new Directed Diffusion Routing Protocols.High power-consuming neighbors link maintenance is not required when the AODV-PB routing protocol is used in the static wireless sensor network. If each node receives and sends fewer messages, their power consumptions would be reduced. The demand controlled protocols guarantee the sampled data are successfully sent to the Sink nodes. However, the saving energy would expand the life time of the network.The Static Directed Diffusion routing protocols are able to prevent the increment of network loads attributed to the period diffusion and to overcome the drawback that the imbedded system has little memory. Thus, the Static Directed Diffusion routing protocol even run in TinyOS operation system could network efficiently.The Ripple Routing protocol put forward is designed based upon the static temperature measuring protocol in the EM78815 single chip system. And the basic networking and routing functions are implemented under the condition of testing system. Simultaneously. The Ripple Routing protocol is able to save more memory resource than both AODV-PB and Static Directed Diffusion routing protocols do.