| With the rapid development of information technologies including sensor, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), embedded system, wireless communication, network, distributed processing, etc, the wireless sensor network (WSN), a new interdiscipline, has been formed. It has high application values in the domains of military, medical treatment and environmental monitoring.A mass of terminal nodes distributed in the WSN are used to collect the original data of the region been monitored, and a multi-hop network is organized by itself to transfer the data to gateway, further more a general interface is used to transfer the data into Internet. In this way the observer can monitor the events in the distance by using the information collection and management software platform.The nodes are the principal part of WSN, and usually the general MCU is used as the core in the nodes but not a customized controller. In this situation there are many limitations with the nodes, such as cubage, power consume, etc. On the other hand, some of the system resources maybe wasted. For these reasons, it is important and has great values to design the special low-power controller for the nodes.In this thesis, a micro controller with Havard structure customized for the WSN nodes is implemented. The instruction set of the controller is compatible with the EM78 series MCUs of ELAN Co. This controller has been verified on the FPGA, and has been implemented in the form of ASIC by using the 0.18um CMOS library of SMIC.In this thesis, the basic theories of WSN and the low-power digital system design are introduced at first. Based on these theories, the design and implementation of the hardware and software of the nodes are descripted. The RTL design of the low-power micro controller is the emphases, and the micro controller has been implementated in the form of ASIC with the result of a layout. Finally the micro controller has been verified on FPGA, and it meets the requirements of the nodes in WSN. |
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