Leach Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks And Improvement,

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) is one of most important new technologies in the future. Its development and extensive applications will have great impact on and get tremendous promotion of human social life and industrial renovation. And compared with familiar wireless networks such as Mobile Communication Network, Wireless Local Area Network, Bluetooth Network, Ad hoc Network etc, WSN has a lot new properties and many research hotspotsWireless Sensor Network(WSN) consists of energy-limited nodes, which uses wireless communication to collect and process useful data from a particular area. So, it is a important research topic to collect and process data in an energy-efficient manner to guarantee the maximum life-time of WSN, which is named as energy problems. In the paper, we combine energy problems with communication protocols which is another research hotspot of WSN. Our research lays emphases on energy-efficient communication protocols, which mainly include some improvements on Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH) protocol.In recent years, there are a lot wireless communication protocols which are presented for WSN.LEACH protocol is one of them, and it is a self-organized, adaptive, energy-efficient, clustering network protocol. Which accounts for properties of WSN and prolongs the life-time of WSN efficiently.But the mechanism of stochastic Cluster-Heads(CHs) selection in LEACH protocol isn't optimal, which can't guarantee the proper position of CHs and doesn't account for energy of CH left. So it would lead to the energy of CH exhausted and reduce the life-time of network wholly. On the other hand, during the period of set-up phase, due to the properties of wireless channel, some messages may be lost. Which would leads to loss of data of some nodes and enlarge the consumption of energy . And LEACHprotocol is limited to single-hop communication, therefore it is necessary to enlarge the scope of applications of LEACH protocol and reduce he consumption of energy . So, in the paper we present some modifications of LEACH protocol as follows:1) When we choose CHs, we take the position of CHs energy of CH left load-balanced of network into consideration. The simulation reveal that modification can prolong the life-time of network. The metrics of First Node Dies (FND) and Last Node Dies (LND) improve a lot.2) During the period of set-up phase, instead of some sophisticated MAC protocols, we add some mechamsms to CSMA/CD to avoid the collision of messages and the loss of data of some nodes.3) We take multi-hop communication between CHs instead of single-hop communication, which results in the reduction of energy consumption of CHs the balance of energy of CHs avoidance of the energy of some remote CHs exhausted. Compared with LEACH protocol, our modifications have some improvement on the metric of energy-efficient and life-time of WSN.To sum up, our modifications of LEACH protocol can help prolong the life-time of WSN efficiently and enlarge the scope of applications of LEACH protocol.