Clustering Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Networks Research

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) will be one of most important new technologies in the future. Its development and extensive applications will have great impact on and get tremendous promotion of human social life and industrial renovation. And compared with familiar wireless networks such as Mobile Communication Network,Wireless Local Area Network,Bluetooth Network,Ad hoc Network etc, WSN has a lot new properties and many research hotspotsWireless Sensor Network(WSN) consists of energy-limited nodes, which use wireless communication to collect and process useful data from a particular area. So, it is a important research topic to collect and process data in an energy-efficient manner to guarantee the maximum life-time of WSN, which is named as energy problems. In the paper, we combine energy problems with communication protocols which is another research hotspot of WSN. Our research lays emphases on energy-efficient communication protocols. Based on the extensive analyzing of LEACH protocol, a new clustering hierarchy protocol named Lowest Energy Protective (LEP) clustering protocol is presented in this paper.LEACH protocol is one of classical wireless communication protocols for WSN. It is a self-organized,adaptive,energy-efficient,clustering network protocol, Which accounts for properties of WSN and prolongs the life-time of WSN efficiently.But the mechanism of stochastic Cluster-Heads(CHs) selection in LEACH protocol isn't optimal, which can't guarantee the proper position of CHs and doesn't account for energy of CHs left. So it would lead to the energy of CHs exhausted and reduce the life-time of network wholly. On the other hand, single-hop communication is taken when CHs send data to the base station, which aggravates the energy consummation of the CHs. So, in the paper we present some modifications of LEACH protocol as follows: 1) When we choose CHs, we take the energy of CHs left into consideration and propose a new clustering hierarchy algorithm named Lowest Energy Protective clustering algorithm. In LEP algorithm, the main idea is to make CHs close to nodes with the lowest residual energy so that energy dissipation of these nodes is least. The simulations prove that the metrics of First Node Dies (FND) improve a lot and the most nodes in the network have the nearly equal residual energy, so the life-time of the whole network is prolonged as much as possible.2) In this paper catenulate communication between CHs is taken instead of single-hop communication when CHs send data to the base station, which results in the reduction of energy consumption of CHs and the balance of residual energy of CHs, so it is avoided that CHs away from the base station exhaust. Compared with LEACH protocol, our modifications have some improvement on the life-time of WSN and the data to the base station.To sum up, the LEP protocol in this paper can reduce the energy consummation of the codes and make r the most nodes in the network have the nearly equal residual energy, so the life-time of the whole WSN is prolonged. In the same time, the data to the base station is improved a lot and the scope of applications of the protocol is enlarged.