The Research Of LEACH Protocol Based On Energy Balance In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has attracted worldwide attention and has increasingly broad application prospects thanking to the high development of information technology. WSN is an application-oriented wireless network, and its routing protocol is based on data. Sensor nodes rely on battery-powered, and have limited energy. So the research of energy efficient routing protocol has become a hot issue in the field of wireless sensor network.Among the current researches, the clustering routing technology is the most widely influential. Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is a classical clustering routing in wireless sensor networks. Many other clustering algorithms are proposed based on LEACH. LEACH protocol uses dynamic clustering, makes nodes can be elected to be cluster-head in turn, in order to reduce the communication energy consumption of the cluster-head nodes, and extending the network lifetime effectively. But there are some disadvantages in LEACH, such as the cluster-head selection is random and lack of consideration of the energy and position of the nodes, besides all cluster-heads transmit data to base station directly without considering the energy minimization transmission, so the research of LEACH protocol is very necessary and important.This paper analyses the effectiveness of LEACH protocol, and proposes an improved energy balanced clustering algorithm. First, this new algorithm takes node’s residual energy and location information into account, optimizes the selection method of the threshold for electing cluster-head by increasing the probability of the high-energy and near the base station nodes to become cluster-head. Secondly, it improves optimal cluster-head selection strategy that is normal nodes select the optimal cluster-head based on the cost function. Finally, an adaptive multi-hop data transfer mechanism is presented to ensure that cluster-head nodes can communicate with the base station at minimum energy consumption.This paper studies the improved algorithm simulation by selecting the appropriate parameters and taking MATLAB software as the simulation platform. Through the comparison and analysis of the simulation result at the surviving node status, energy consumption of the whole network and the distribution of nodes, we find that the improved protocol is better than other LEACH algorithms in prolonging the network life and balancing node energy consumption.