Research And Improvement Of Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol Based On LEACH

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is a wireless communication network that collects data collected by sensors through the network for analysis and processing.At present,it is widely used in various industries such as military,smart home,traffic control and medical treatment.Because the design of WSN routing protocol is restricted by the single nature of local topology information,sensor nodes must have the characteristics of small size and low price.These characteristics make sensor nodes restricted in energy supply,data calculation,node communication and data storage.Therefore,saving the energy consumption of the network and improving the life cycle of network operation are the current research hotspots.LEACH protocol is the first cluster routing protocol proposed to break through the idea of flat routing protocol.Compared with flat routing protocol,its network life cycle has been significantly improved.But LEACH protocol also has many shortcomings,such as uneven clustering,unreasonable cluster head election,etc.The shortcomings will accelerate the energy consumption of sensor nodes and reduce the life cycle of the network.Therefore,Based on the LEACH clustering algorithm to improve,the main research content is as follows:(1)According to the network energy consumption model,the number of cluster heads that dynamically changes with the number of current surviving nodes is calculated,which solves the problem of the uneven proportion of cluster heads in the network operation process,which leads to excessive network energy consumption.Due to the problems of data transmission delay and excessive energy consumption of the cluster head caused by uneven distribution of the number of cluster members,the following improvements were made.The parameters of node entry into the cluster in combination with the optimal number of cluster heads was introduced,so that the node entry depends on the remaining energy of the current cluster head,the distance between each node and the cluster head,and the number of members that the current cluster has joined.Experiments show that the number of cluster heads and the proportion of member nodes in the improved protocol are more reasonable than LEACH,and it also saves network energy consumption.(2)Since LEACH does not consider edge nodes and nodes with less remaining energy to be elected as cluster heads,leading to accelerated death of nodes,The distance and energy factors were introduced into the traditional cluster head election threshold formula to adjust and constrain the election of cluster heads makes the election of cluster heads more reasonable and efficient;in order to solve the problem of excessive energy consumption caused by the single-hop communication between the cluster head and the base station in LEACH,A multi-hop routing strategy was designed in which cluster heads aggregate data to the base station in a multi-hop manner,which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the network.Simulation experiments show that the improved protocol has a significant improvement in energy utilization,network life cycle and throughput.