| The primary meaning of landscape is the natural and artificial surface sceneries which haveaesthetic characteristics. Along with the development of landscape science, the connotation aboutlandscape has been extended continually. In general, people think about the landscape throughvision, audition, tactile sensation and olfactory sensation. The vision of people is absolutelysuperior to other sensations, especially in controlling ability, controlling extend, controlling timeand initial lead in space to various attributes. Because the use of vision can make us feel thelandscape resource in the most direct way, the evaluations and analyses of visual landscaperesource are not only in favor of the protection for landscape environments, but also can providescientific basis for discussing the suitability of construction projects. With the acceleration ofindustrialization and urbanization in China, in order to gain bigger economic benefits, more andmore scenic spots are carrying out lots of exploitation and construction, which has destroyed theecology of scenic spots and caused many growing problems such as visual pollution of theenvironment and wasting of resources, etc. People haven’t realized the importance of visuallandscape resource until1980s, after that people has begun to do research and analyses on visuallandscape resource, and some laws, regulations and rules about it also have been enacted. Withthe continuous modifications and exploitation to visual landscape resource, many experts havestarted to do research on the evaluations and protections of it, besides, lots of research methodsand results have been revealed.In this paper, based on the understanding of relevant evaluations to visual landscape, theauthor has summarized the composition of visual landscape resource and hackled the assessmentcriteria of it. What’s more, the author took the analyses to view points, sight, visual landscape andvisual sensitivity of landscape for the main indicators. The author also has tried to use thethree-dimensional analysis function of GIS to evaluate the visual landscape resource in SunYat-sen Mausoleum scenic spot scientifically and quantificationally.Firstly, according to the requirements of site selection for sight spot, the author proposedtwo factors which included the field of view and the suitability of slope and determined thelocation of optimal sight spot in the study area by the means of GIS spatial analysis. Secondly,the author analyzed the continuous change of landscape in the roads of this scenic spot. Duringthis analysis process, the author respectively analyzed the areal change of the landscape view ofroads which was within the integral range of both sides and the sacrificial hall in Sun Yat-senMausoleum, at the same time, the author analyzed the extent of variation of fixation time, thenthe variation characteristics were clearly manifested through graphs. Thirdly, the authorconcretely described and classified the characteristics of landscape on both sides of main touringlines in Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum scenic spot through the superposition of three factors whichincluded landscape classification, scene distance and scene location. Finally, the author evaluatedthe scenic beauty of scenic forest in the study area, during which the author took eight factors that contained average diameter at breast height, NDVI, slope position, gradient, elevation,distance to the scenic spot, location of residential area and distance of road as the driven factorsof scenic beauty regression model. After that, the grid map of scenic beauty of scenic spot in SunYat-sen Mausoleum was generated, and this map intuitively showed us the ranked distribution ofscenic beauty in this study area.Through applying GIS technology to the analysis of visual landscape resource, this researchhas not only provided scientific basis for the landscape planning of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleumscenic spot, but also explored and practiced the combing of spatial analysis and the theory aboutvisual assessment, which can be used for reference by others. Besides, the author has offered anexample for landscape planning for analogous scenic spots. |
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