Research On Vegetation Landscape In Hunan Province Of Xianyuling Scenic Area

In recent years, scenic spot has entered a period of rapid development, but the unreasonable development increased as a result of the destruction of ecological resources, which is a common problem faced by most scenic area. With the change and development of tourism form, suburban scenic area due to the superior geogra-phical location, convenient transportation and other advantages become more and more tourists choice. However, it is the characteristics of city construction and development, has affected agricultural production activities, so that the interference of human activities on the ecological damage to natural resources more frequently, there are often degraded ecosystem, vegetation community instability problems. Aiming at these problems, this study takes Hunan Xianyuling scenic spot vegetation landscape as the research object, through field investigation on the scenic and statistical classification of plant resources, the use of sampling methods investigated 36 representative forest plant communities, to study the structure and diversity of features, the use of the scenic beauty of the evaluation method to evaluate the 12 typical communities landscape. Previous studies on a consolidated basis, proposed the vegetation restoration and reconstruction countermeasures of Xianyuling scenic area and the typical landscape optimization suggestions.The main results are as follows:1、To conduct a comprehensive investigation and statistical analysis on the present situation of scenic area of plant resources, there are 149 families 352 genera and 491 species. The ferns 17 families,19 genera and 26 species. Gymnosperms 5 families 9 genus 14 species. The angiosperm 127 families,324 genera and 451 species,of which the natural distribution of 408,83 cultivated species. In order to exploit the use of indigenous plant resources, the development of the regional plant landscape, from the natural distribution of species from non special purpose or only selected weed plants, ornamental plant resources there are 119 families,270 genera and 367 species. The dominant families are Gramineae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae,Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Lauraceae, Fagaceae, Verbenaceae and the dominant genera are Lindera, Symplocaceae, Rubus, Quercus,Polygonum, Lespedeza, artemisia.2、Using the method of sample has carried on the investigation to the main plant communities in the area, a total of 36 plots. The community structure of 36 groups of plant communities (abundance, frequency, dominance) and diversity(richness index, Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index) were analyzed:the variety of species diversity index is basically the same, showing:shrub layer> tree layer, shrub layer> herb layer trend; the evenness index of shrub layer and herb layer is relatively small range of tree layer, herb layer distribution is more concentrated; the effect of each index of the factors, the difference of vegetation type, altitude,the degree of human disturbance,succession stage, the habitat conditions have some influence. In order to improve the diversity of the plant community, species should maintain higher richness and species in the system uniformity, stability of the community has high.3、According to the community survey records and the structure and diversity of community structure analysis of that Xianyuling scenic vegetation in succession stages of progress, and have obvious instability. The expression is:with camphor tree is a dominant species of evergreen broad-leaved forest instability. Coniferous forest will gradually downward phase of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest succession. Deciduous broad-leaved tree community or will show a certain degree of decline, and gradually to the succession of evergreen, deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest.4、For beauty evaluation and analysis of 12 groups of plant communities in Scenic Area. Based on the 8 landscape evaluation factors and the community sample standard SBEs, establish multiple linear regression model: Y=-2.106+0.143X2+0.396X5+0.115X6-0.164X8 (R2=0.929).The result indicated that the main landscape factor X2 color richness, X5 color brightness, X6morphology, X8 density, have great influence on the aesthetic evaluation of judge.5、According to the characteristics of scenic vegetation, the vegetation restoration and reconstruction countermeasures are put forward from three aspects:"For different damaged, broken vegetation extent, be classified on the basis of community succession law to restore and optimization ","Building complex community structure, Recovery of biological diversity "/’Strengthening nature edge habitat restoration, creation of edge effect". The forest plant community landscape optimization measures from four aspects:Actively create a color change of landscape forest;Focus on body coordination between plants; Create a canopy moderate community space;Hold good hygienic conditions.Research has practical guidance value for Xianyuling scenic vegetation landscape construction and management. In the rapid development of urbanization, to explore the suburban scenic spot from vegetation landscape construction point of view the development of tourism, agricultural leisure and science culture has reference.