Research Of Scientific CCD Camera And Design Of Electrical Circuits

In this paper, the head part of the low cost scientific grade CCD camera with CCD chips was developed, mainly including CCD driven, cooling, data acquisition and so on.At first, the basic principles of CCD type photoelectric sensor principle, and the possible noises were analyzed. Then the design method to control noises was provided and the two sensors CCD and CMOS were compared.The Kodak CCD chip KAF-1603E, which was high resolution and high performance, was introduced in detail. As the full frame CCD cameral to be designed did not need high speed, so it did not matter if the frame frequency was low. Combined with the working principles of frame transferring CCD, the driving sequencer of KAF-1603E (CCD produced by Kodak) was analyzed and corresponding driving circuit was then designed. FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) has been chosen as the hardware platform, and driving sequencer was realized with VHDL. The functional and timing simulation of the driving sequencer had been successfully fulfilled with QuartusⅡ7.2(Altera design software for FPGA),and EP2C5Q208C8(a kind of FPGA in CloneⅡseries produced by Altera Co.Ltd) was used to fit. Simulation and measurement results show that the driver was completely feasible.The simulation signals output from CCD need a series of process before they were transmitted to the computer, the CCD-specific processing chip AD 9824 was finally chosen to be used to reduce the difficulties in system design, so that the work could be finished by the system in short time. After analyzing several commonly used transmission methods, the USB2.0 was chosen to be the system transmitter.The test result showed that, the designed system could satisfy some needs in researches, and it was a useful trial for the development of domestic scientific grade CCD cameras. Some shortages of study and works need for perfecting was indicated. Key words:Scientific grade CCD, FPGA, VHDL, Drive circuit...