Investigation On WSN Cluster Routing Protocols Based On Node Location And Energy

As a new information capturing and processing technology, Wireless Sensor Networks can be widely applied in many areas, such as national military, environment monitoring, space exploration, indoor tracking etc. As WSN's own characteristics and the working conditions decide that the node's energy supply is strict limited, how to enhance the energy efficiency and prolong whole network's lifetime is the most important question needed to study.Based on the analysis of related literatures, this thesis has summarized the domestic and the foreign present research status on WSN's routing protocols and selected the LEACH protocol as the main research topic. Based on the analysis and comparision of the mainstream WSN's routing protocols, including their application environment, We have studied the advantages and disanvantages of the LEACH protocol in detail. Aim at the disadvantages of LEACH, an improved protocol is proposed by stochastic selecting clusterheads, this make the clusterheads distributed uniformly.First of all, the optimum number of the clusterheads is derived. Based on the dividision of the network cover region, the clusterheads are strained in the fixed area, and this has reduced the network's energy consumption and prolonged the network lifetime. Secondly, we have restricted the distance between clusterheads during the selecting process, made clusterheads uniformly distributed, the network load more even, the energy consumption more balanced, and the network lifetime is prolonged.Besides, combining sensor's position information and the remain nodes energy, considering this two aspects as the standard of selecting clusterheads, an improved new algorithm which avoids the disadvantage of clusterheads random selecting is proposed. This algorithm reduce the possibility that the lower energy nodes to be the clusterhead, and average the transmission energy consumption of each node. The analysis and comparision of the simulation result show that this improved algorithm has obvious nice performance in network energy comsumption and the delay of network lifetime.Finially, the main work of this thesis is summarized and the future research items of WSN routing protocols are prospected.