Performance Improvement In LEACH Protocol Based On Cluster Head Selection In WSN

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is a new technology about acquiring and processing information,it includes the sensor technology,embedded technology,wireless network communication technology,distributed information processing technology.At present,in order to adapt to different application scenarios,researchers at home and abroad have studied a variety of new routing protocols.Different classification of routing protocols in wireless sensor network,which according to the wireless sensor network topology structure point of view,protocols are divided into flat routing and hierarchical routing protocols.This thesis focuses on the wireless sensor network system structure,key technology,application prospects,routing protocols classification and the performance characteristics are compared and analyzed,which the hierarchical routing protocols LEACH(Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy)were deeply analyzed and improved.LEACH is a classical routing protocol for WSN which takes the adaptive clustering hierarchical algorithm.The cluster head of LEACH routing protocol is generated randomly,it doesn't consider the nodes residual energy.The numbers of cluster head(CH)nodes are not considered in the clustering process.So excessive cluster heads because data redundancy and too few nodes have to consume additional energy because of the long distance of data transmission and consequently reduced the lifetime of the whole network.In this thesis,in the LEACH(Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy)protocol two improvements are made,firstly in the cluster head selection:-By using the residual energy of the node and the distance between the node and the base station,the random number generated by the node is adjusted,The random number of the nodes with more residual energy and the distance from the base station is adjusted to a smaller value,which makes it more likely to be the cluster head.However,this method does not consider the effect of the number of cluster heads on the algorithm.Secondly,the optimal number of cluster heads is proposed:-Which can ensure the balance of network load by controlling the number of cluster heads in the optimal range.Finally simulation results show that the improved algorithm can effectively reduce the energy consumption and prolong the lifetime of nodes and the whole network.