Study Of Wireless Sensor Network Routing Algorithm

Recent years the development of micro-electro mechanism system(MEMS)and low-power and high-integration digital device bring the low cost, low power and micromation sensor node into being. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is formed by a lot of sensor node which connected through wireless medium and disseminated by ad hoc mode. WSN has a broad application in many fields such as martial monitor, environmental science and so on. It can be considered as an innovation in information sense and collection, and one of the most important technologies in 21st century.The main research content in this paper is the routing algorithms of WSN. Referring to the subject, first, this paper simply introduces the development of WSN technology and the WSN system structure. Second, the paper chooses several typical and representative routing algorithms to analyze and compare, such as Flooding, LEACH, GEAR, Directed Diffusion and so on. By doing research to these routing algorithms, the paper points out that the Directed Diffusion algorithm performances better than others. However, the perspectives of network delay and energy cost still need to be improved. Aiming at the two shortages, the paper presents a new routing algorithm– Simple Directed Diffusion, and introduces its key technique in realize. The Simple Directed Diffusion algorithm bases on the Directed Diffusion algorithm. It realizes smaller network delay and lower energy cost by simplifying the process of forming gradient and the routing strategy,and also by decreasing the size and frequency of broadcast. Last, the paper presents the NS2 simulation experimentation for the Simple Directed Diffusion algorithm and Directed Diffusion algorithm. By analyzing and comparing the simulation data, the paper proves that the Simple Directed Diffusion algorithm has smaller network delay and lower energy cost than the Directed Diffusion algorithm. A simple Directed Diffusion algorithm is an excellent WSN routing algorithm.