A Method Of Energy Efficient Load Balancing Based On LEACH Protocol

Wireless sensor network is a multi hop self-organized distributed network system composed by many sensor nodes,it's easy deploying nodes and flexible network configuration can help to solve complex problems by forming heterogeneous networks with the traditional Internet in the way of wired or wireless.Because sensor nodes of wireles are difficult to keep continuous supply of energy,it has become the bottleneck of large-scale popularization and application of wireless sensor networks.In this paper,a method of energy load balancing in Wireless sensor network was proposed to balance sensor nodes and prolong the network lifetime under the premise of the network's stability.In this paper,a Cluster Attribute Head Election Algorithm(MACHE)was presented to deal with the heterogeneity of the classical clustering algorithm LEACH in the election of cluster heads.The algorithm firstly calculated the optimal number of cluster heads periodically according to the distribution rules of the nodes,the network and the energy consumption model.In The initial election of each cycle,the threshold of cluster head election was improved based on the strength of the received signal,the residual energy and the correlation of nodes,the election withinthe cycle was done by the "delegate" of the previous cluster head node,in this way,the condition can be avoided that lower energy nodes become cluster heads,generating maximal variety or minimal variety and nodes marginalization.The simulation results show that the method can guarantee the uniform distribution of cluster heads and the uniform distribution of clusters,and avoid the blindness and uncertainty of cluster head election,can do better in load balancing among nodes.At last,A load balancing routing algorithm for multi hop multi path(LPMHP)was given to cover the problem that data delivery paths are diverse in cluster nodes and cluster heads.In this algorithm,the network topology is formed firstly in the cluster,and the forwarding path of data is selected initially in the light of the maximum number of hops in advance,and then the transmission path of data was determined by forwarding probability of nodes.the simulation results show that LPMHP algorithm can improves the load balancing among nodes,and prolongs the lifetime of the network.