Research And Improve On Leach Protocol Of Wireless Sensor Network

As the speed development of wireless technology,sensing technology,integration etc, WSN is becoming a more and more cared and researched technique. Wireless sensor networks is a multi-hop and self-organized communication network, which is composed of numerous cheap,low-energy cost,tiny sensor nodes. These sensor nodes can be used for real-time testing, sensing, collecting and processing the information of monitored regions. WSN is a new wireless network with a wide applications foreground. Such as it has good application value in military,agriculture,environment and building supervise, and it attracts the attention of every field in the world. It lives usually depending on the battery power, which is hard to be changed because of the environment and the numbers of the nodes. So saving energy is the most important goal of designing in WSN.In wireless sensor networks, when the nodes collect the data, how to transmit them to destinations satisfying low energy consuming,low delay,auto-repairing routes is the root request of WSN. While how to realize these function is what the wireless networks routing protocol must do. Routing protocol is the basic of forming networks, its main work is building energy-effective optimized routing and transfer data to sink node reliably.As the WSN node is energy-limited, moving, it may exit or join in the networks at any moment. So the design of WSN routing protocol has many differences with the design of traditional routing protocol. WSN routing must be able to save node energy as much as it can, adapt to the changes of network framework, establish and resume routing and so on.Routing protocol can be differently classed depending on different standards. According to clustering instance, routing protocol can be divided into clustering routing protocol and non-clustering routing protocol; according to logic structure of network management, routing protocol can be divided into single-layer and multi-layer routing protocol; according the need of knowing the locations of sensor nodes, routing protocol can be divided into routing based on geography protocol and routing not based on geography and so on. The study of this paper focuses on leach which is one of the multi-cluster routing protocol. Describing the principle arithmetic of leach in detail and analyzing its advantages and disadvantages. At the same time, make some improve on leach and achieve the purpose of prolong the lifetime of WSN with the guarantee of system capability.The main content of this thesis as follow:Introduce the total things of WSN, which including the concept, system structure, node structure, protocol system, characteristic and the applications of WSN. Describe the routing protocol of WSN including the concept of routing protocol of WSN,the class of routing protocol and introduces several typical routing protocol and their virtues and defects. Analyze leach in detail including leach protocol's system structure, arithmetic, energy-consuming and some researches about leach protocol. At last propose my own advice for some defects of leach protocol realizing prolong the living time of wireless sensor networks.