The Research On Self-supporting Personality Features And Its Relations With Family Environment, Self-efficiency Of Left-behind Adolescents

As an inevitable result of the urbanization of China, left-behind children has always been the focus of the society. However, the present research on the problem of left-behind children is still at the initial stage. Self-support, as an indigenous concept in China, has its meaning, structure, psychological function and form in particular. But in China, there are few overall researches done on the subject of self-support from the perspective of modern personality psychology, even fewer on the self-supporting personality of special groups of people, left-behind adolescents who are at the crucial stage of the formation of their personalities.773 valid adolescent samples were collected by questionnaire. The major questionnaires are:(1) Self-supporting Personality Scale of Adolescent, (2) Family Environment Scale For Chinese Version (FES-CV), (3) General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) (4) Youth Survey For Left, which was authorized by ourselves. The study compares differences on the self-supporting personality between left-behind adolescents and ordinary adolescents, analyzes relations among self-supporting personality, family environment and self-efficiency, and discusses how the five left-behind factors, the parents who go out, children's age when parents leave, the time span of leaving, the interval of parents'visit and children's attitude to their parents' leaving for work, affect the development of self-supporting personality of left-behind adolescents. The major conclusions are as followed.(1) Compared with ordinary adolescents, left-behind adolescents are more likely to form negative self-supporting personality; meanwhile there are larger differences exist in the internal group of people, that is, some left-behind adolescents can not develop self-supporting personality well while some develop perfect personality.(2) Left-behind adolescents' family environment and self-efficacy are worse than those of the ordinary adolescents', and self-efficacy diverse more obviously. (3) The development in self-supporting personality, family background and self-efficiency differs in sex. Boys are better than girls in all the aspects mentioned.(4) The development in self-supporting personality, family background and self-efficiency differs in age. The freshmen in both junior and senior middle school develop better than the sophomores.(5) In the dimension of child number, left-behind children differ only in culturality, controllability and the feeling of self-efficacy, and the only child does a better job.(6) Both self-supporting personality and its two dimensions have an intimate relation with family background and self-efficacy. Dimensions of family background are synthetic external element while self-efficacy is an important internal element, which effect the formation of adolescents'self-supporting personality.(7) Five factors for left-behind children, namely left-behind Children's age when their parents leave, time span of the parents leave, which one of the parents go out, the intervals when the parents gather with children and children's attitude towards their parents' working far away, have an overall influence on the development of the family background, self-efficacy and self-supporting personality of left-behind adolescents.