Research On Self-efficacy, Coping Styles, And Personality Characteristics Of Type Ⅱ Diabetes Mellitus

Objective:1. To assess the relationship between diabetes mellitus and the negative psychological status (anxiety, depression);2. To study the characteristics of coping styles, personality, self-efficacy and social support in diabetes mellitus;3. To explore the effects of coping styles, personality, self-efficacy and social support on the negative psychological status (anxiety, depression) in diabetes mellitus;4. To explore the effects of personality, self-efficacy and social support on the copiny styles in diabetes mellitus;Method:Matched case-control study was used. The 150 diabetes mellitus patients were selected from inpatients and outpatients in several major hospitals in Yantai city. The diagnosis criteria of diabetes mellitus was adopted on the protocol of WHO in 1999. Patients with serious torso disease, brain organic diseases, mental disease, alcohol and drug dependent persons, and pregnant and lactating women were ruled out. The 150 persons in control group were selected from the healthy volunteers using the matched factors such as age, sex, educational level.The current commonly used psychological questionnaires, including the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire for adult (EPQ), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used in this study. The questionnaires were filled out by self-assessment.Univariate and multivariate were used to analyze the relation of anxiety and depression, coping styles, self-efficacy, social support, personality to diabetes; and the risk factors for anxiety and depression, coping styles of diabetes.Results1. Univariate analyses indicated that the means of depression, anxiety, negative coping style, P and L for EPQ scores in the case group were significant higher than those in the control group. The means of positive coping style and subjective social support scores in the case group were significant lower than those in the control group. There were not significant differences of scores between the two groups for general self-efficacy, objective social support, utilization of social support, E and N for EPQ.2. Correlation analyses shown that positive coping style had positive correlation with general self-efficacy, total score of social support, subjective social support, utilization of social support, and negative correlation with P for EPQ. Depression had positive correlation with anxiety, and negative correlation with general self-efficacy, total score of social support, subjective social support, utilization of social support, E for EPQ. Anxiety had positive correlation with N for EPQ.3. Principal component logistic regression analyses shown that negative coping style, anxiety, depression, P and E for EPQ, education, and alcohol drinking were the risk factors for diabetes mellitus, but positive coping style, N for EPQ were the protective factors for diabetes mellitus.4. Principal component regression analyses indicated that the protective factors for depression in diabetic patient were general self-efficacy, subjective social support E for EPQ. The risk factor for anxiety in diabetic patient was N for EPQ. The diabetic patient with high level of general self-efficacy had high level positive coping style. The diabetic patient with high level of P for EPQ had high level negative coping style.ConclusionsDiabetic patients have extrovision personality, low level of social support, and negative coping style.