| AimThe population of our country is the biggest in the world, the population problem is always the basic and strategic problem of our country, and " Control the population amount, raise population character" is a basic national policies. Henan province, whose population total amount is near97 000 000 and is the biggest one among the whole country, is still relatively backword in economy development. To research and analyze the amount and the quality, healthy condition of the population, and the factor influencing on the population's health, is useful for putting forward the target and measurement to improve the population structure and improve the health condition, which is one important mission of the government' 15th Five-Year plan.The domestic and international scholar have applied abridged life table or cause eliminated life table to expect the difference in life expectancy loss of different regions and different crowd, and explore further the influence of some cause of death on the population health. Also have some scholars explored life expectancy of Henan crowd, but this kind of study has very strong time limited efficacy to the comprehensive evaluation of crowd health level. In the meantime it is not reported to research systematically the health level of Henan residents by means of inquiring into the demographic characters, together with life expectancy and its influencing factor. Therefore, for the sake of know the population condition since 2000 and the development trend of population condition of Henan province in the future, we carried on this research, and analyzed the demographic characters and life expectancy and its influencing factors, thus provide an objective and accurate data for drawing up economic and social development program and relevant population policy of Henan province's 15th five-year plan.Materials and MethodThe survey was carried out using three stages stratified sampling, cluster sampling, probability proportional sampling method. Taking door as unit and registering on the scene,《2005 national 1% population sampling form》and《2005 national 1% population sampling death form》were filled up by the census family. Data of population size, sex structure, marriage structure, age structure, cultural structure, family structure, population structure, birth population and birth rate, death population and death rate etc. of Henan province were collected and analyzed. According to the age-specific mortality rate, sex-specific mortality data, abridged life table was drawn up, and the life expectancy was calculated. Using clustering method combined with《2005 Henan statistics year book》, life expectancy of populations with different demographic characters, different social economic status(SES), living in urban or suburban were compared with each other. ResultsPopulation development condition in Henan expressed the following characters.·Population natural increase rate of henan province decreased. Population birth rate in Henan was 9.90‰, the death rate was 5.31‰, the population natural increase rate was 4.50‰which lower than that of 5.20‰of 2004. The birth rate and death rate of the male population were slightly higher than those of the female. Natural increase rate of the urban place was higher than that of the rural.·Sex ratio was reasonable. The total sex ratio of Henan provincewas 1.03:1. The sex ratio was 1.02:1 of urban place, 1.04:1 of rural area. The sex ratio of urban place was lower than that of the rural area (÷~2=22.662, P=0.000). The sex ratio of whether the urban or suburban place, was lower than the result 1.06:1 of the fifth population census.③The level of urbanization of Henan province was improved. The proportion of residents living in rural area was 67.68%, while the proportion of residents living in urban area was 32.32%, the former was greater than the latter, and the latter was significantly higher than that of 28.90% in 2004, but still lower than the 2000 national general level 36.22%. The proportion of residents living in Zhengzhou city was 62.49%, was the biggest one in Henan province.④Henan province have entered aging society. The proportion of people aged 0～14 years was 21.13%, which was similar to that of 21.23% in 2004. The proportion of people aged 15～44 years and 45～64 years were 48.09%,22.54%,respectively. The proportion of people aged more than 65 years was 8.24% (>7%), which was obviously higher than that of 7.47% in 2004.⑤The marriage condition of Henan population was stable. The proportion of people living with their primary spouses was 72.09%. Family size was shrinking. The family mainly consisted of three or four persons, and two generations.⑥People of Henan province still have a low cultural quality. Among the people aged more than 6 years in Henan province, the proportion of people accepted elementary education was 28.50%, that accepted junior high school education was 47.01%, 11.41% accepted senior high school education. The proportion of people accepted more than junior college education was 4.23%. Population educational level of urban area was higher than that of the rural. The number of university students was 4219/100 000, which was higher than that of 2000 year(2674/100 000), but still lower compared with that of high developing areas. The proportion of people with high education in Henan province was still small.⑦The male population life expectancy of Henan province was 73.27 years, the female's was 76.00 years, and 74.63 years generally. Life expectancy of urban population was 75.90 years (the male's was 74.83 years, and the female's was 77.00 years) .Life expectancy of the rural was 74.05 years (the male's 72.58 years and 75.60 years of the female) .Life expectancy of Henan population was longer than 71.64 years resulted from the fifth population census of Henan province. Life expectancy of Jiaozuo population was longer than that of other places except Zhengzhou. Life expectancy of the areas with higher level of socioeconomic status or health protection development was longer.ConclusionsThe population natural increase rate of Henan province decrease. Although the population quality has increased, but still lies in a lower level. The gap between the urban and the rural places is great. Life expectancy has approached the level of developed areas, and tended to go on increasing. Socioeconomic status, the level of health protection development, the educational level, and living geographic position are the main non-biological factors influencing on the life expectancy.
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