| Integration of industry and education is an effective way to optimize the structure of talent training and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.It is also a strategic measure to promote industrial transformation and upgrading,and high-quality economic development.In July 2019,the Ninth Session of Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China deliberated and approved The Implementation Plan for the Pilot Project of the Integration of Industry and Education,pointing out that cities are an important carrier for deepening industry-education integration and the main node for implementing reform policies.However,although many prefecture-level cities in China have a certain industrial base and educational resources,there is still a two-peels’ phenomenon between the demand side of enterprises and the supply side of universities,and the development of industry-education integration still remains at the conceptual level without practical results.Therefore,it is of great significance to deepen the urban industry-education integration by systematically analyzing influencing factors and scientifically evaluating its development level.Urban industry-education integration is a process in which different subjects compete and coordinate with each other,and interact with the external environment.It has typical ecosystem characteristics.Combined with literature research,expert consultation,questionnaire survey and statistical analysis,and following the logic of“what is(system analysis of industry-education integration)—why(influencing factors of industry-education integration)—how(development level of industry-education integration)—how to do(optimized paths of industry-education integration)”,it analyzes the structure and the interaction of influencing factors of urban industry-education integration,establishes an evaluation index system of urban industry-education integration,and puts forward the optimized paths of industry-education integration.From the analytic perspective of urban industry-education integration ecosystem,this study selects influencing factors from three levels: subject,environment and mechanism,and determines the effect degree and hierarchical structure of urban industry-education integration by synthetically using decision-making and trial evaluation laborator(DEMATEL)and interpretative structural modeling(ISM).The results of DEMATEL model prove that factors like macro policies and regulations,government functions,demand for technical personnel,sociocultural atmosphere,urban platform,micro subject system,regional organization operating and so on have a significant impact not only on urban industry-education integration,but also on other result-oriented influencing factors.The results of ISM model show that the surface influencing factors mainly focus at the subject level,the middle at the mechanism level,and the deep at the environment level.Therefore,it can be inferred that the influencing factors at the mechanism level are positively affecting the ones at the subject level.Influencing factors at the environment level have a positive effect on factors both at the mechanism level,and at the subject level.A questionnaire about the influencing factors is developed and a structural equation model(SEM)is established to verify the theoretical hypothesis of the interation between the influencing factors.The empirical research results support the inference of the interaction between the influencing factors at the level of environment,mechanism and subject.Based on the comprehensive evaluation,the CIPP evaluation model was introduced to construct an evaluation index system of industry-education integration from four dimensions: context,input,process and product.Considering the vagueness and uncertainty of the evaluation,intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(IFAHP)method is used to calculate the evaluation index weight of urban integration-education integration.The results show that environment is the most important division of evaluation,with policies and regulations being the most important evaluation index.An evaluation method for urban industry-education integration is established based on the aggregation operators for 2-tuple linguistic information,which can effectively avoid information distortion or loss,thus make more accurate calculation results.Taking X city as an example,the application of the evaluation method shows that 2-tuple linguistic evaluation can not only give the development level of urban industry-education integration,but also reflect the status of the evaluation dimensions,which provides an important basis for the optimization of urban industry-education integration.According to influencing factors and evaluation results,the optimized paths of urban industry-education integration is proposed from environment,mechanism and subject.At the environment level,it is necessary to strengthen the construction of the park and build a platform for industry-education integration;innovate talent evaluation and form a social culture of cooperative innovation;promote policy coordination and establish a system of combined incentive policies.At the mechanism level,it is needed to improve the co-construction and sharing mechanism and promote the effective operation of industry-education integration;establish the balance of benefits mechanism and achieve the win-win situation of industry-education integration;innovate organizational form and operating mechanism and promote the benign operation of industry-education integration.At the subject level,governments are supposed to play a leading role in planning and coordinate the development pattern of urban industry-education integration;universities should innovate talent training mode and improve the capacity of serving industries and enterprises;enterprises ought to take advantage of technology and platform to realize collaborative education and cooperative innovation.This paper includes 19 figures,59 tables,and 287 references. |
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