Parallel process: A matrix approac

The phenomenon of parallel process is often alluded to in clinical work, and yet has proved elusive to define. A simple, though incomplete definition, describes parallel process as the repetition of unconscious conflicts or blind spots from one situation to the next. The existing literature has focused primarily on the presence of parallel process in supervisory situations. The objective of the present study will be to present an expanded view of parallel process phenomenon as it informs clinical work, particularly during clinical impasse. A step-by-step model is suggested, using a social matrix and two levels of analysis. The method is illustrated through the single case study of an eleven-year-old bereaved child and the bereaved therapist-trainee working with her at the time. A social matrix showing the significant relationships that both the therapist and the patient have outside of their primary therapeutic relationship is used in conjunction with two levels of analysis. The first level of analysis identifies which of the following six predictors of parallel process are present in the social matrix: (1) shared situational factors ; (2) situations involving authority or dependence ; (3) strong affect; (4) uncharacteristic behavior ; (5) empathic identification or (6) serious impasse. The second level of analysis asks the following four questions of each relationship in the matrix: (1) what is the unconscious element? (2) where did it originate? (3) how is it being manifested in the therapy? and (4) how can it be resolved or made conscious? When this method was applied to a single case, results seemed to indicate that the greater the quantity and quality of the parallel process predictors and identifiers that were present, the greater the chance that a parallel process enactment occurred and remained unconscious to those involved. Parallel process enactment can occur in any interpersonal situation and has the potential to inhibit understanding. Using the matrix model is a way to identify the parallel processes and work through unconscious forces. A literature review and an identification of the psychic mechanisms within parallel process are also offered.