A Research On Chinese Local Government Work Safety Regulation Of Hazardous Chemicals

Government regulation as one of the most important means of social governance,is a supervisory and managerial behavior of government to ensure public activities reasonably and orderly,which is done by the departments of government through drawing up policies and rules within its jurisdiction according to the law.It plays an important role in stabilizing the society,regulating the market and rectifying the misconduct,and also called government supervision or government restriction.The work safty regulation are important and indispensable component of government regulations that are a series of measures and actions made by the departments of government to strengthen production safety,prevent and reduce production safety accidents,safeguard people’s lives and property and promote sustainable and healthy development of economy and society.It provides safeguard for the labors of their lives and property and one of the essential conditions for safe production of kinds of manufacturing enterprises as well.The main purpose of the work safty regulation is to reduce the production safety accidents.The work safty regulation of hazardous chemicals is a priority of all the government regulations due to its strong professionalism and the more destructive and uncontrolled accidents once happens,to which is paid more attention from all levels of government regulators all the time.Safety production accident of hazardous chemicals causes huge and irreversible loss of life and property and it is one of important factors contributing to social instability,which reflect the problems within the local government work safty regulations of hazardous chemicals directly.Therefore it has a strong practical significance to analyze safety production accidents of hazardous chemicals and study the work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals in local government.The research starts from the knowledge that government regulations are beneficial to reduce safety production accidents for the enterprises,and the author refers to lots of literature and takes the institutionalism regulatory theory as the basis to elaborate the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals,from which the concept of "regulatory space" is the most typical.Case analytical framework is bettered based on the "regulatory space",through which the cases about the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals are explored in multiple dimensions.In addition,many kinds of methods are used,such as literature review method,interview and questionnaire survey,case study,grounded theory,and the author gets first-hand data for research from field investigations,in-depth interviews and questionnaire survey with the government regulatory departments and their staff.This paper sets forth the problems of the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals through the comprehensive usage of theories and methods,states and solves the problems that exists in the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals long ago.It also provides a series of complete improvement programs and suggestions.First of all,the research has defined the background,significance,methods and thought of topic,made literature reviews about government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals home and abroad,and determined the core concepts.It describes the history and logic of government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals and states the present situations of the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals from the regulatory regime,regulatory networks,the regulatory aim and the regulatory process.Secondly,the paper uses the "regulatory space" concept of institutionalism theory to build the analysis framework,takes the 39 cases of safety production accidents of hazardous chemicals as example published on the website of State Administration of Work Safety between 2013-2016 and explores the existing problems of the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals through comprehensive analysis of series and typical cases from regulatory regime,historical tradition,regulation of subject and object,the regulatory process and content,the cause of the accident and regulatory effect.The concrete problems of the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals reflected from the cases are:the regulatory responsibility is not clear;the assessment agency as the third-party organization is absent,the tracking for the problem project lacks;the daily regulation details are imperfect;the accident treatment becomes a mere formality;the power of the public are ignored,etc.The causes of the problems are:the regulation system is imperfect;the quality of regulators is not high;the regulatory power and interest is not balance;the regulatory process operability is not clear;social environment for regulation is poor and the public supervision system is not founded,etc.On the above basis,in general the causes of the problems are tested,summarized and sorted through the rounded theory on the condition that the causes of the regulatory issues are the main factors affecting regulations.The affecting factors model of the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals is constructed through in-depth interviews and questionnaire survey with different levels of local government regulators.The idea that institutions is the core factor affecting regulation is proposed.The other main factors affecting the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals are:the organizations of regulation are the basic factors;the power and interest is the material factor;the regulatory process is the behavioral factor for effective regulation;the social environment is the external factor,and the public supervision is the guarantee factor.Finally,the study puts forward he specific improvement suggestions for the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals according to the main factors and the actual regulatory problems in the cases.They are as follows:to improve he regulation system through the daily supervision,assessment,accountability and review mechanism;to improve the comprehensive quality of regulators through regulatory consciousness,the business level,habits and training;to balance of the power and interest through defining the liability and strengthening the supervision;to perfect the regulation process through simplifying the process,intensifying the punishment and processing the special matters according to specific regulation;to purify regulation social environment through insisting principles and strengthening the moral construction;to strengthen the public supervision role and status through the media,the public demands,the social organizations.The research innovative points are as follows:first of all,to construct the regulation factors model of the local government work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals using the grounded theory and to put forward the idea that regulatory institutions are the core factors.Second,to propose to simplify site regulation and implement the means of "economic compensation instead of regulation" according to the cases of the safety production regulations of hazardous chemicals which are not suitable for field regulation.Third,to use the "administrative proportion principle" to deal with the special problems during the safety production regulations of hazardous chemicals.Forth,to put forward the point of weakening the death toll as the evaluation indicator according to daily regulatory issues of hazardous chemicals and the regulatory assessment system and bring the daily regulation of hazardous chemicals into the assessment indicators.In a word,I hope the study will enrich the theory and provide reliable cases for the work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals to some extent in China and meanwhile it will provide lessons for the government regulators to improve efficiency of regulations and the enterprises related to hazardous chemicals industry to reduce the production safety accidents.In future studies,the further study of work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals will be made and the relevant problems and future development trend on work safety regulations of hazardous chemicals will be explored,which will be good for complementing and improving the theory of regulations and directing practice.Thus some effort will be made to promote the government regulation of production safety in China.