| Geological Relics is the preserved true records and relics which formed fromvarious internal and external dynamic geological processes during the evolutionhistory of the earth. The formations of geological relics and landscapes are closelyrelated to the Quaternary geological processes. Therefore, paying special attentionsto the relations between geological relics and landscapes and the Quaternarygeological processes have important scientific significance. The importantgeological relic often represents the geologic evolution process, geologic history andgeologic events, which are characterized by the natural attributes of non-renewableand immovable. These relics have important scientific values and aesthetic valuesand are the common wealth of mankind. The decision of developing geoparks on thebasis of geological relics putting forward by the UNESCO obtain common responseand support from all over the world. As early as in1985, Chinese government putforward the idea of national geopark and defined it as a special type of geologicalnature reserve. Until now, China has229national geoparks (including awardedqualification),29of which have approved for the international geoparks. Theachievements of research and construction of geopark in China was highly appraisedby the UNESCO. China has become an example of global geopark construction andgeological relic protection.At present, the study of geopark natural attributes is more extensive andthoroughgoing. The scientific evaluation system of geoparks has established at homeand abroad. But, due to its complex characteristics of natural and social systems andthe lack of quantitative data and data integration, there are few experts or scholars toconduct quantitative research on the social attributes of geoparks. Therefore, thestudy quantity and quality of geopark social attributes are far less than that of naturalattributes. Moreover, even in the study of geopark natural attributes, researches focus on the scientific values and aesthetic values of geologic relics and few people,from the perspective of the Quaternary geological effect on geopark, study the trendof the formation, development and evolution of the geologic relics and the influenceof protection, management and development of geopark. This occurs because, usingconventional methods and theories, it is very difficult to meet the needs of theresearch of an open complex system, which is composed of several subsystems ofresources, protection and management, development and research and secondarysubsystems. However, system theory is a good way to solve this difficulty. Namely,the geopark integration system can be implemented by studying the coupling andinteraction of geopark different subsystems.The researches on the evaluation of geoparks also had a similar developmentcourse, namely, the research is mainly based on qualitative evaluation and few ofquantitative evaluation of geopark. During the development process from qualitativeevaluation to the combination of qualitative and quantitative comprehensiveevaluation, the weights are mainly determinate by expert evaluation method,analytic hierarchy process and other subjective method. These methods often lead tothe evaluation results affecting by the subjectivity of the evaluators. However,entropy weight method, a method of a kind of objective weight defining, has goodfeasibility and practicality and can effectively avoid the subjective influence in thecomprehensive evaluation of complex systems of the geological park comprehensiveevaluation subsystem and multiple layers of complexity evaluation factors.Therefore, if we combine the analytic hierarchy process, a subjectively determineweights method, with the entropy weight method, an objectively determine weightsmethod, it is more conducive to the geopark comprehensive evaluation.Sichuan province, the important area of geologic relic resources and geoparksresources in China, has established two international geoparks, fourteen nationalgeoparks and eight provincial geoparks. The number of geopark is occupying thefront rank in China. This paper takes Xingwen geopark (international geopark),Siguniangshan geopark (national geopark) and Jianmenguan geopark (provincialgeopark) as study objects to conduct the following studies:①study of the geoparksystem integration framework,②integration study of geological park resources,protection and management, development, scientific research and popularization ofscience based on Xingwen and Siguniangshan geoparks,③study of establishingevaluation system of geoparks based on Hierarchy-Entropy Weight Method,④ taking Xingwen, Siguniangshan and Jianmenguan geoparks as examples, study ofcomprehensive evaluation method of geopark based on Hierarchy-Entropy WeightMethod. The key scientific problems of this paper are how to use the complexsystem theory to build geological park system integration framework to implementthe system integration of geopark, and how to construct the comprehensiveevaluation index hierarchy model of geopark based on the theories and principles ofanalytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method to complete the evaluation ofeach subsystems and secondary subsystems of geopark. The final purpose isimplementation of comprehensive evaluation of geopark.This paper includes three parts, seven chapters. In the first parts, thegeographical and geological backgrounds of the three geoparks were analyzed. Inthe second parts, the geopark system integration was built and the study on the foursubsystems of resources, development, protection and management, science andpopularization of science was conducted, focusing on the detailed description ofgeological relic landscape characteristics. In the third parts, the comprehensiveevaluation of the three geoparks was conducted based on Hierarchy-Entropy WeightMethod and some suggestions on the development of geoparks were proposed.To conclude the study, the research achievements of this paper are as follow:1. Building geopark system which is composed of the four subsystems ofresources, development, protection and management, science and popularization ofscience for the first time and conducting a comprehensive evaluation methodresearch of geopark system and its subsystems using analytic hierarchy process andentropy weight method. On the basis of24international, national and provincialgeoparks, the secondary and tertiary evaluation factors of the evaluation systemwere put forward. And the comprehensive evaluations of Xingwen internationalgeopark, Siguniangshan national geopark and Jianmenguan provincial geopark wereconducted using the evaluation factors. The evaluation result preliminarilyconfirmed the feasibility of geopark system integration and the entropy weightmethod of quantitative evaluation in this paper, which has significance to advancecomprehensive evaluation of geopark, geological relics protection management andintegration of system theory and evaluation method of geopark.2. The evaluation system based on Hierarchy-Entropy Weight Method is a goodway to avoid affecting by the subjectivity of the evaluators. In this paper, theHierarchy-Entropy Weight Method was used to comprehensive evaluation of geopark for the first time and geopark comprehensive evaluation system was builtbased on the method, too. According to the evaluation system, taking Xingwen,Siguniangshan and Jianmenguan geoparks as examples, the comprehensiveevaluations of the four subsystems including resources, development, protection andmanagement, scientific research and popularization of science were conducted,respectively. And then, the overall comprehensive evaluations of the geoparks wereconducted based on the evaluation results of the four subsystems. |
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