Research On The Agricultural Science And Technology Intermediary Organization System Of Heilongjiang Province

The science and technology is the driving force of economic development, how to promote the union of technology and economy has become an important issue among the industrial circles, the scientific and technical circles, and even the whole society. The technical intermediary service is the new economic service, which promotes the union of technology and economy, it is an important component of national and regional innovation system. Chinese agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system develops gradually along with the establishment of the socialist market economic system. At present, in our country, it is difficult to establish an effective union between small scale separate management peasant household and agricultural technology. It is badly in need of many kinds of links between the peasant household and the market, the peasant household and technology, which can provide a series of technology and market services for the peasant household before the production process, during the production process, and after the production process. To develop the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization and strengthen the countryside science and technology services system has become an objective need in the development of modern agricultural. This article selects the development of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang Province to conduct the research, it is a great significant thesis, whether for the study of basic theories of the agricultural science and technology intermediary, or for the exploration practice of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang province.In this study, the main research methods contain interview, observation method, questionnaire survey, comparative method, case study and systematic research theory. Methods such as interview, observation method and so on are used in order to understand the history, current situation and problems of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization of Heilongjiang province. Visiting and investigating a number of units, practicing and observing deep into rural areas, also taking questionnaire survey for the Northeast Agricultural University students who live in rural area, executing statistical analysis with the application of SPSS statistical software, all-above mentioned played an important role in discovering the existing problems and analysis of influencing factors in Heilongjiang province. This article also uses comparative analysis method for comparative analysis, based on the experiences and summaries of the agricultural science and technology intermediary of America, Japan, Netherlands and other countries, and concludes the enlightenment for which the development of foreign agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system to our country. The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system is a complicated system. This article using the system approach to design the framework of the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system, and with the use of complicated network theory in the system theory, establishing the detail depiction indicators of the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization, combining with the specific cases measures, analyses and evaluates the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization.First this article researches into the related concepts and basic theories of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system, analyses concepts of intermediary, intermediary organization, technical intermediary organization, and gradually defines the concept of the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization and the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system, then, divides and summarizes the character of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization's types and its system. The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization is the link between the agricultural science and techniques supplies and the demands, it is an organization which provides specialized services and socialized services, aims to promote agricultural technology innovation and technology transfer. The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system is a system that resulting from the interaction between agricultural science and technology intermediary organization and its operating environment. Based on clearing related concepts, this article analyses the technical innovation, national innovation systems theory, system theory, public goods theory and so on closely related to this research, and explains the enlightenment that the corresponding theory works on agricultural science and technology intermediary system, and provides the profound theoretical foundation for the following research.The author conducts large numbers of field investigation and questionnaire survey in order to grasp the current situation and problems of the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang Province. The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang Province has experienced the development course from a single-structure main body to multiplex-structure main body, now has preliminarily formed the pluralism main structure. However, the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang Province still have many problems such as: poor channels in farmers seeking the help of technology, disclose between agricultural science and technology research and the realistic demand, rigidity and poor efficiency of governmental science and technology intermediary, backwardness of the methods of farmers to obtain scientific and technical information. The science and technology intermediary is a complex process which is involved with technology, the technology supply, the technology demand, as well as the match of technology intermediary self-construction and environment. Therefore, this article analyzes the influencing factors of the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system development of Heilongjiang Province, separately from the internal factor and the external factor of the technical intermediary system.The history of the world's agricultural development indicates that the developed agriculture must have the accelerated agricultural science and technology intermediary service system. The experience of agricultural science and technology intermediary service from US, Japan, Holland, Australia will be introduced in this article, in view of the fact that our country and India are developing countries, so the India's experience is selected into this research. The common experience of these countries is that the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system subjects are multiple; the correlation of the scientific research, education, and the promotion department is tight; the personnel recruitment, training and assessment of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization have been institutionalized, meanwhile there are multi-channel to raise fund and developed agricultural information service system in these countries; What needs to stress specially, the agricultural science and technology intermediary development in all countries in the world highlight the governments' leading role, obviously, although the agricultural science and technology intermediary service takes root in the market economy, it cannot depend upon the market regulation completely, the government plays the leading role in promoting the development of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization. Learning from other countries' experience and summarizing the development principle of the world agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system are helpful to construct the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang province and to explore the countermeasure. Evaluation on different types of the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization build the foundation of the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang province. The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization held by the government, the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization and peasant specialized cooperative economy organizations by educational and research institutes, the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization by enterprises have respective advantages and the limitations, therefore, also have respective application conditions.The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system of Heilongjiang province is constructed in this article. This system constitutes of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization subjects system and environment system, organization subjects system includes organization subjects and operating mechanism; environment system includes law environment, finance environment, policy environment and information environment, they work together to influence the operating of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization. Based on the system construction, the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization is divided into three types, including public service, quasi-market and market-oriented, moreover, the functions of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization held by different subjects are positioned. According to this, the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization held by the government is of public service and provides public services, the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization and peasant specialized cooperative economy organization held by educational and research institutes are of quasi-market, but its development will gradually transfer to the market-oriented. The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization held by enterprises is of market-oriented, which provides profit-making services. The design of the system operating mechanism includes the admittance mechanism, assessment and evaluation mechanism, the benefit distribution mechanism, the risk responsibility mechanism, the credit mechanism, the contract mechanism and the coordinated joint mechanism etc. a complex network system model is established in this article to evaluate the performances of agricultural science and technology intermediary organization, and the empirical analysis and the evaluation on specific agricultural science and technology intermediary organizations have been carried on by using this model. In addition, in this article an evaluation index system is also established for agricultural science and technology intermediary system.Finally, the countermeasure and measure are put forward to improve the agricultural science and technology intermediary system of Heilongjiang province. The government agricultural technology extension department should peel the management function and display the public welfare function, strengthen the agricultural technology extension organization of the grass-root units through the construction of regional service stations, and form the institutions in personnel recruitment, training and assessment etc. to train and educate the principal and the personnel of peasant specialized cooperative economy organizations, meanwhile develop and regulate the peasant cooperative economic organizations to make them into the foundation strength in the agricultural science and technology intermediary organization system The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization held by educational and research institutes should combine with subjects and extend its service scope, strengthen the management function, meanwhile, establish essential withdraw mechanism to avoid risks, and gradually transfer to the marketization. The agricultural science and technology intermediary organization held by enterprises should be supported and its development should be supervised to foster commercial agricultural science and technology intermediary companies; furthermore, the environment construction of the agricultural science and technology intermediary including law, policy, finance, and information etc. should be strengthened.