Effect Of Environmental Factors On Composition And Content Of Glucosinolates In Arabidopsis Thaliana

The aim of our work was to analyse the effect of sulphur, drought, and mechanicaldamage on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana, and the composition, content, yield ofglucosinolate in Arabidopsis thaliana. We study on the responses of glucosinolates distributionin rosette leaves and root of Arabidopsis thaliana to the change of environmental factors. Ourresults may provide basic data for the further research of the effect of environment factors onglucosinolate metabolism.In the experimental system, plants were precultured hydroponically, and seedlings wereexposed to five different sulfur concentrations(0, 0.5, 1.0 1.5 and 2.0 m mol L^-1 SO4(2-)). Thefresh weight of roots increased with the increasing S levels in short-term sulphur treatment.The fresh weight of the plants in the 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mmol L^-1 SO4^2- treatments after 48 hwere 0.0061, 0.0071, 0.088 and 0.098 g, respectively. The biomass of Arabidopsis thaliana is61.684%～94.359% of the control in all the stress group under long-term sulphur stress. Innormal S concentration, the biomass of Arabidopsis thaliana was the maximum (the freshweight is 0.779 g).During short-term sulphur treatment, ten glucosinolates were consistently detected inrosette leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. These included the 3OHP, 4MSOB, 4MTB, 5MSOP,6MSOH, 8MSOO, I3M, 1MTI3M, 4MTI3M. and 4OHI3M. Eleven glucosinolates wereconsistently detected in root. These included 3OHP, 3MSOP, 5MSOP, 6MSOH, 7MSOH,8MSOO, 8MTO, I3M, 1MTI3M, 4MTI3M and 4OHI3M. The proportions of 4MSOB was thehighest in rosette leaves, reaching 47.589% of total glucosinolates. The proportions of1MTI3M was the highest in roots, reaching 37.365％of total glucosinolates. Quantitatively, thecontent of total glucosinolate detected in Arabidopsis thaliana applied with normal S level washighest, the rosette leaves and root contained 1.314 and 2.138μmol g^-1 fresh weight,respectively.The change of total glucosinolates content in Arabidopsis thaliana under short-terrnsulphur stress is the same. It reached the highest at d 14 (1.262 ,umol g^-1 FW～1.761μmol g^-1FW), then decreased and reached the lowest at d 17 (0.479 ,μmol g^-1 FW～0.7419 ,μmol g^-1FW).The change of the content of aliphatic, indolyl glucosinolate closely paralleled that oftotal glucosinolates. Significant changes were observed in the total glucosinolatesconcentration for the duration of the experiment under different S levels treatment (p＜0.05).The concentration of indolyl glucosinolates is higher, about 55.458％～63.285％of totalglucosinolates.The experiments of sulfur deprivation stress treatment revealed that no significant difference was found in the biomass of Arabidopsis thaliana. Conversely, the content ofglucosinolates increased significantly (p＜0.01).The Arabidopsis thaliana grown under soil drought condition began to wilt in 8 d. Duringdrought treatment, five glucosinolates were consistently detected in rosette leaves ofArabidopsis thaliana. These included the 3MSOP, 4MSOB, 8MSOO, I3M and 4MTI3M.Content of total glucosinolates in rosette leaves of plants treated was lower than control, andespecially at d 12 decreased rapidly, by 36.946%. The aliphatic and indolyl glucosinolatesdecreased by 52.921％, 22.613％,' respectively.We study the effect of mechanical damage on glucosinolate content of Arabidopsisthaliana. The plants were harvested at 0 (the moment when treatments were started), 0.25, 0.5,1, 1.5, 3, 6, 9, and 24 h after treating, and then we analyse the change of glucosinolate content.During mechanical damage treatment, eight glucosinolates were consistently detected in rosetteleaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. These included 4OHB, 4MSOB, 5MSOP, 6MSOH, I3M,1MTI3M, 4MTI3M, 4OHI3M. During the 24 hours after treating, the content of totalglucosinolates, and aliphatic glucosinolates firstly decreased, secondly increased, at lastdecreased. The content of total gluconsinolates, aliphatic and indolyl glucosinolates was thelowest at 0.5 h, and 77.178％, 77.136％, 69.489％of control, respectively. During the course ofthe experiment, it increased and reached the heighest at 3 h, was about 3.170, 3.837 and 2.424times more than control.