| With the continuous development of information technology and its gradually enhanced integration with various industries of the national economy,the derived new products,new forms of business and new business models are gradually increasing,and the digital economy can better reflect the development characteristics of the current new economy.With the support of digital technology,the international division of labor begins to rely on new standards.The free crossborder movement of digital elements not only saves trade costs and improves communication efficiency,but also leads to the important research topic of the digital reconstruction of global value chains.Based on ITU International Telecommunication Union,World Bank WDI database,UN Comtrade database,UNCTADstat database,WEF World Economic Forum and World Input-Output Database,this paper integrates and matches the panel data of 18 manufacturing subsectors of 42 major economies in the world from 2008 to 2014.Firstly,starting from the development level of digital economy in the world’s major economies,this paper integrates three dimensions of digital infrastructure,digital economy and trade intensity,digital governance and innovation environment and uses the entropy weight method to construct an index system to comprehensively observe and measure the score of the development level of digital economy.Then the world input-output table is used to calculate the digital economy support specific to each industry to reflect the actual impact of the digital economy on each industry.Secondly,by referring to Wang et al.(2017),the GVC position index of manufacturing industry was constructed based on the forward and backward correlated production length,and a three-dimensional panel fixed effect model was established to empirically test the effect and mechanism of the digital economy support on the GVC position of manufacturing industry.The analysis of the current situation shows that:(1)the leading countries of digital economy are mainly developed countries in Europe and old economic powers such as the United States,Japan and South Korea,and there is a gap between them and developing countries such as China.Although China’s comprehensive level of digital economy is in the middle of 42 economies,it is a leader among developing countries.(2)The digital economy support level of most industries in China is low.Compared with 2008,2014 has improved on average,but a few industries are still at a low point without significant change.It remains to be studied and promoted that countries draw advanced experience from industries with high support level to drive digitization of latecomer industries.(3)The status of GVC of China’s capitalintensive industries is higher than that of labor intensive industries and technologyintensive industries.The latter two industries are close to each other,indicating that currently capital-intensive industries(such as petroleum processing and coking,nuclear fuel processing industry,basic metal manufacturing industry)are the main support for China to enhance its position in the global value chain.However,the ranking of labor-intensive and technology-intensive industries in GVC indirectly indicates that China’s current economic model,which focuses on raw material processing and intermediate product assembly and consumption,cannot lead China to the high level of international division of labor.Only by realizing the jump of high value-added fields,can we improve the GVC position of China’s manufacturing industry.The results show that :(1)digital economy support can effectively improve the GVC status of manufacturing industry.Among them,the support of digital infrastructure construction dimension has the greatest impact on the GVC status of manufacturing industry,followed by the support of digital governance and innovation environment dimension.(2)When analyzing industries with different endowments,it is found that capital and technology-intensive industries show the same impact characteristics as the total sample,but the digital economy support of labor-intensive industries has no obvious effect on the rise of GVC status.(3)In the sub-sample regression of countries divided by income level,it is found that the effect of digital economy support on the improvement of GVC status of manufacturing industry in middle and high-income countries is higher than that in high-income countries.(4)Further exploring its influence channels,it is found that digital economy can improve the competitiveness of manufacturing industry in the international division of labor by promoting the substitution effect of domestic intermediate inputs for imported intermediate inputs and stimulating innovation ability,so as to achieve the high-end embeddings of global GVC.In addition,foreign direct investment and the level of opening to the outside world also affect the effect of digital economy on the rise of manufacturing GVC status to a certain extent.The conclusions and suggestions of this paper provide some empirical support for countries to narrow the "digital divide",develop digital economy according to industry differences and national differences,and improve the global GVC status. |
