| In recent years,with the increasingly fierce market competition,the competition between enterprises has evolved into the competition between supply chains.In the new supply chain management model,the members of the supply chain rely on Internet technology to realize electronic transactions,but as the complexity of the supply chain increases,the number of orders from multiple entities,long cycles,and cross-border borders increases,and the "centralized" management model based on the coordination mechanism of the "chain owner" is challenged by the lack of trust.The lack of trust among multiple entities hinders the information sharing and interaction between upstream and downstream of the supply chain,distorting information flow;it increases the number of documents that need to be verified for the transfer of rights in rem in the supply chain,reducing the efficiency of logistics;it also lengthens the billing cycle in the supply chain,severely restricting the financing of capital flow.The three streams of information flow,logistics flow,and capital flow are the "bloodline" of the supply chain,and the normal operation of the supply chain is directly affected by the blockage and fragmentation of the three streams.In this context,the emergence of blockchain technology has become the key to breaking the situation.Applying blockchain technology to supply chain can form a "decentralized" management mode,solve the painful problems of trust deficiency,bullwhip effect and information asymmetry,realize the perfect coordination of information flow,logistics and capital flow in supply chain,and breakthrough the bottleneck of supply chain performance improvement.Based on this,this study explores the impact mechanism of blockchain technology on supply chain performance from the perspective of supply chain process integration,and introduces supply chain complexity as a moderating variable to unveil the "black box" of blockchain technology to improve supply chain performance.Based on resource base theory and transaction cost theory,this study constructs a theoretical model of the impact mechanism of blockchain technology on supply chain performance and proposes research hypotheses,adopts a questionnaire survey method,takes 438 manufacturing enterprises as the research sample,and uses SPSS23.0 and AMOS23.0 software to conduct an empirical analysis to explore the following three questions:(1)Can the application of blockchain technology improve supply chain performance?(2)Does blockchain-enabled supply chain process integration have a positive impact on supply chain performance?(3)Does supply chain complexity moderate the effect of blockchain-enabled supply chain process integration on supply chain performance?The following conclusions are obtained through empirical analysis:Firstly,blockchain technology can significantly improve supply chain performance.The four major technical advantages of blockchain technology can break through the bottleneck of supply chain performance improvement.Specifically,information transparency increases the fairness and reliability of transactions among enterprises,eliminates the extra overhead caused by rent-seeking behavior among enterprises,reduces the risk of loss in transactions,and saves the production cost of products.The data immutability guarantees the traceability and auditability of transactions in the supply chain,reduces the risk of fraud in the supply chain,and improves product quality.Peer-to-peer value transfer replaces the intermediary link in the traditional transaction process,forming an efficient supply chain collaboration and governance structure,greatly simplifying the process of value exchange in transactions,and reducing the overall operation cost of the supply chain.Smart contracts can automatically execute the pre-defined transaction contents,reducing the risk of misunderstanding and default among supply chain partners,and improving transaction efficiency.Secondly,supply chain process integration plays an intermediary role between blockchain technology and supply chain performance.The blockchain-enabled supply chain system adopts a shared,secure,and decentralized distributed data storage method,and uses consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency,asymmetric encryption technology to ensure data security and smart contract technology to ensure data practicality,thus enhancing the security and transparency of information flow,accelerating the efficiency of logistics circulation and promoting capital flow integration,and realizing the integration of information flow,logistics and capital flow in the supply chain.The integration of the three flows forms the core competitiveness of the supply chain and improves the supply chain performance.Thirdly,supply chain complexity positively regulates the positive impact of supply chain process integration under blockchain empowerment on supply chain performance.In complex supply chains,the advantages of blockchain technology are amplified,and its many characteristics such as decentralization,immutability,transparency,auditability,and traceability perfectly solve the pain points and blockages faced by complex supply chains such as lack of trust,bullwhip effect,and information asymmetry,and thus break through the performance bottlenecks in existing supply chains.This study makes contributions in three ways.Firstly,by exploring the relationship between blockchain technology and supply chain performance,it enriches the theoretical study of blockchain and supply chain management and further verifies the applicability of blockchain technology in supply chain management.Secondly,by examining the mediating role of supply chain process integration between blockchain technology and supply chain performance,it provides a valuable theoretical explanation path and perspective for exploring whether blockchain technology can improve supply chain performance.Thirdly,by examining the moderating effect of supply chain complexity,it clarifies the important boundary conditions for the process of blockchain technology acting on supply chain performance through enabling supply chain process integration,further enriches the research on the effect of supply chain process integration under blockchain empowerment,and provides valuable practical guidance for the application of blockchain technology in complex supply chains. |
