| In 2020,the global outbreak of novel coronavirus(COVID-19)pneumonia,major public health emergencies in the new media era are often accompanied by menacing online rumors.In the face of online rumors,the facts and the truth have been deceived,the social emotions of people’s panic and anxiety have grown wildly,and social stability and network security have also suffered unprecedented serious challenges.The COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 occurred in the context of the vigorous development of social media and the Internet.Online rumors have spread rapidly on the "express train" of social media and network technology.The negative psychology of people’s fear,tension and anxiety in the face of unfamiliar viruses It has been continuously expanded,detonating the "information epidemic" that is more harmful to society than the "virus epidemic".But on the other hand,online rumors in the new media era warn of social risks,and also reflect the collective emotions and public concerns of the society.Curbing online rumors has become an important way to maintain social stability and network security.Due to the breadth of the audience,government departments and mainstream media have undertaken the main task of refuting rumors during the epidemic.Therefore,this paper will conduct a detailed analysis of the rules of the generation and spread of online rumors during the COVID-19 epidemic,as well as the rumor-refuting mechanisms of the government and mainstream media,and use the above rules to explore the optimal path for effective prevention and control of online rumors under public health emergencies,in order to achieve The goal of creating a clear network environment and maintaining social stability.The study found that the dissemination of online rumors during the COVID-19 epidemic experienced a dissemination and development cycle of "the generation period of online rumors-the outbreak period of online rumors-the platform period of online rumors-the recession period of online rumors",and the dissemination of online rumors is also more related to the "epidemic prevention period".“control”,“material supply”,and “virus knowledge” are related to “disease prevention and control”,and the spread of online rumors during the COVID-19 epidemic presents the spread of “fission spread + community circle spread + micro spread” dominated by social media model.In addition,through the analysis and field research on the methods of refuting rumors by government units and the content of mainstream media reports on rumors,we have extracted 7 main methods used by mainstream media to identify rumors during the epidemic,as well as the specific characteristics of the identification and clarification methods of various media reports on rumors.with corresponding rules.Further analysis shows that the current mainstream media’s rumor-refuting mechanism still has problems such as high political parallelism,declining professionalism,lack of fact-checking,homogenization of content,and failure of the feedback mechanism,which need to be improved and resolved.According to the above analysis results of online rumor dissemination and rumor refutation,this paper puts forward relevant optimization suggestions for the response strategy of online rumors under major public health emergencies.The government should give full play to its role as the main body of governance in response to online rumors,enhance government credibility,improve the rumor response mechanism and improve the rumor punishment system;mainstream media should give full play to the role of public opinion guiding in response to online rumors,set an agenda for the stage of rumor dissemination,and improve the facts of rumors The verification mechanism and the rumor clarification mechanism should be improved;other social participants should give full play to their role in coordinating and refuting rumors,citizens should improve their media literacy,strengthen their judgment in identifying rumors,and opinion leaders should actively lead and enhance the credibility of rumor-refuting information. |
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