Research On Cultivating Students’ Core Literacy Using "Extension And Application" Exercises In High School Biology Textbook

The "General High School Biology Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition and 2020Revision)" issued by the Ministry of Education in 2020 pointed out that cultivating students’ core competencies in biology is the purpose of high school biology courses.The general high school textbook "Biology" published by the People’s Education Publishing House in 2019 includes 5 modules,and "Extension and Application" exercises are set after each section of each module.This kind of exercises are closely related to the reality of production and life,which can help students establish their concept of life,develop scientific thinking,improve their scientific inquiry ability,and enhance their awareness of social responsibility,and are important teaching resources for cultivating students’ core literacy.This paper uses a variety of research methods to carry out theoretical research and practical exploration of using "Extension and Application" exercises to cultivate students’ core literacy.The main research contents and results are as follows.Through a questionnaire survey of 43 biology teachers and 698 students from three ordinary high schools at different levels in Harbin,the importance and utilization of "Extension and Application" exercises in biology textbooks were understood.The survey results show that most teachers pay attention to and agree with the role of "Extension and Application" exercises in cultivating students’ core competencies,and can use them in teaching.Most students are more concerned and interested in the "Extension and Application" exercises,and think that they have gained something after completing them.Most students have a better understanding of the core competencies of biology and believe that the "Extension and Application" exercises are helpful in cultivating core competencies.The quantitative distribution of "Extension and Application" exercises in the textbook was counted,and the characteristics of the exercises were analyzed.The results show that 1～5 "Extension and Application" exercises are set in each section of each module of the textbook,with a total of 184 exercises in the 5 modules.This type of exercise has the characteristics of rich and diverse question types,rich design pictures and texts,open and flexible questions,focusing on linking with reality,and helping to cultivate ability.Combined with examples,the core literacy cultivation role and use strategies of "Extension and Application" exercises are analyzed and elaborated.Studies have shown that "Extension and Application" exercises help students establish a concept of life,develop scientific thinking,improve their scientific inquiry ability,and enhance their sense of social responsibility.Teachers can use this type of exercises in teaching links such as pre-class preparation,classroom teaching,and homework,but they should be analyzed in depth,carefully designed,and pay attention to the use effect.Taking two classes of students in Grade one of an ordinary high school in Harbin City as the research objects and taking compulsory course 1 "Molecules and Cells" as the teaching material,the teaching practice of cultivating students’ core literacy with exercises of "Extension and Application" was carried out for a period of three months.Before and after the practice,questionnaire survey and pen and paper test were carried out on students in the experimental class and control class to test the implementation effect.The results show that "Extension and Application" exercises have a significant effect on the improvement of students’ life concept and scientific thinking literacy,but have no significant effect on the improvement of scientific inquiry and social responsibility literacy.It can be seen that the use of such exercises to cultivate students’ core literacy needs to be based on repeated training of a large number of exercises,as well as teachers’ continuous exploration and long-term adherence to the use of methods.This study is helpful for high school biology teachers to better read textbooks,deepen their understanding of the teaching value of "Extension and Application" exercises,and provide reference for them to use this kind of exercises to cultivate students’ core literacy of biology.