A Study On The Intervention Of Group Work In The Spiritual Comfort Of The Elderly Living Alone In Rural Areas

With the rapid development of China’s economy,great changes have taken place in the traditional family structure.Most of the young and middle-aged people in rural areas choose to develop in cities,which leads to the emergence of the elderly living alone in rural areas.This group is facing various difficulties and problems in life.The author once followed my teacher to do a project survey in a rural area of Henan province.At that time,I noticed that the elderly living alone in this village lacked not only material supplies,but also spiritual comfort.The intervention of professional social work can provide targeted services for the elderly living alone,alleviate their loneliness in life,enhance their sense of social integration,and enrich their old life.Therefore,at the end of the project,the author decided to carry out group work to intervene in the study of spiritual comfort for the elderly living alone in rural areas,mainly to understand the current situation of spiritual comfort for the elderly living alone in rural areas.What are their spiritual needs?How effective has group work been in solving this problem?What are the effective factors and restricting factors?In this study,through literature research and interviews,the author found that the spiritual comfort problems of the elderly living alone in village A mainly include lack of family affection and high sense of loneliness.Withdrawn personality,lack of security;Weak neighborhood relations;Lack of recreational activities,and the main cause of these problems is their own cognitive errors;Children,relatives and friends,community society give the elderly lack of spiritual comfort and other aspects.The author further analyzes that the needs of spiritual comfort of the elderly living alone are specifically mental health needs,recreational activities needs,emotional needs.In this regard,the author selected 8 service objects to participate in the study according to the needs of the elderly and the standards of voluntary participation,urgency,adaptability and so on.Under the guidance of group motivation theory and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory,the group practice work was carried out for seven times.After observation and evaluation,the author concluded that after this group,the mental state of the elderly living alone has been improved,completed the transformation of life role,regained confidence in life,willing to communicate with their children and friends,more like to participate in entertainment activities.The effective factors to achieve and improve the effect of this group work are mainly that the author finds appropriate intervention methods,meets the real needs of the elderly,links to effective link resources,practices the principle of self-determination and equality,timely eliminate the negative emotions of the elderly,and gives full play to the spiritual comfort of children and neighbors.However,there are several deficiencies in this group intervention study:the group development process is not fully implemented according to the plan;The activity frequency is relatively small,the time is relatively short;Less attention to individuals;Not timely return visit service object.In view of the shortcomings of group work in solving the spiritual comfort of the elderly living alone in rural areas,the author thinks that the following improvements can be made:In the process of group work,social workers need to integrate various social work service methods and solve the problems of service objects from different perspectives;It also needs to enhance the participation of service objects and improve service efficiency.In addition,we can increase the number of activities and combine long-term and short-term activities to ensure service quality.Finally,after the activity,social workers should timely follow up the service objects,consolidate the results of the activity,effectively ensure that the spiritual comfort of the elderly living alone is improved,so that the life of the elderly is more colorful,and the society is more harmonious.