| With the social reform,the outflow of labor force and the miniaturization of family size,the pension problem in rural areas is becoming increasingly serious.At present,China has built a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way,and people’s living standards and quality have been generally improved.The problem of food and clothing for the elderly has been basically solved,which leads to higher spiritual needs.Among them,the spiritual needs of the rural left-behind elderly deserve special attention.This study takes the left-behind elderly in E Village,C District,Lanzhou,Gansu as the research object,through participatory observation method and interview method to understand the village left-behind old People’s Daily life,habits,spiritual requirements,and found that E village left-behind elderly generally faced with the problem of lack of spiritual consolation : lack of health knowledge,single recreational activities,interpersonal communication is weak.In the children of migrant workers can not effectively meet the demand of left-behind elderly spiritual reality background,this study demand hierarchy theory and ecological system theory as the instruction,set up small groups to communicate with each other between left-behind elderly communication platform,to emotional support network is established between peer groups meet left-behind elderly spiritual needs.By evaluating the effectiveness of group work and analyzing the role of social workers in the spiritual consolation services for the elderly left behind in rural areas,we find that: first,the elderly left behind in rural areas have spiritual needs.Second,rural left-behind elderly not only care about themselves,but also pay attention to the growth of their grandchildren.Third,companionship and love（listening,paying attention,respecting,encouraging,etc.）are important ways to satisfy the spiritual consolation of the elderly left behind in rural areas.Fourth,group work can effectively meet the spiritual needs of rural left-behind elderly.Fifth,the professional quality of social workers is an important prerequisite to ensure the quality of group services.The spiritual needs of the left-behind elderly show multi-level and diversified characteristics,so there are diversified ways to satisfy the spiritual consolation.The satisfaction of spiritual consolation is embodied in health education,interpersonal communication,sports and entertainment,and self-value,which requires the joint efforts of micro,medium and macro systems to construct the integration system.The results of this study can provide theoretical and practical significance for the study of spiritual consolation services for the elderly left behind in rural areas. |
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